17.2: Evolution as Genetic Change in Populations Flashcards

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1
Q

directional selection

A

form of natural selection when individuals at one end of a distribution curve have higher fitness than individuals in the middle or at the other end of the curve

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2
Q

stabilizing selection

A

form of natural selection in which individuals near the center of a distribution curve have higher fitness than individuals at either end of the curve

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3
Q

disruptive selection

A

natural selection in which individuals at the upper and lower ends of the curve have higher fitness than individuals near the middle of the curve

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4
Q

genetic drift

A

random change in allele frequency caused by a series of chance occurrences that cause an allele to become more or less common in a population

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5
Q

bottleneck effect

A

a change in allele frequency following a dramatic reduction in the size of a population

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6
Q

founder effect

A

change in allele frequencies as a result of the migration of a small subgroup of a population

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7
Q

genetic equlibrium

A

situation in which allele frequencies in a population remain the same

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8
Q

Hardy-Weinburg principle

A

principle that states that allele frequencies in a population remain constant unless one or more factors cause those frequencies in a population remain constant unless one or more factors cause those frequencies to change

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9
Q

sexual selection

A

when individuals select mates based on heritable traits

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