17.02

Question 1

Features of HUS

Answer 1

1. Anaemia
2. AKI
3. Thrombocytopenia

Question 2

TB drugs and side effects

Answer 2

Rifampicin - red urine
Iosiniazid - peripheral neuropathy
Pyrazinamide - hyperuricaemia
Ethambutol - colour blindness

Question 3

malaria triad of Sx

Answer 3

• pallor (anaemia)
• hepatosplenomegaly
• jaundice

Question 4

malaria tx if severe

Answer 4

artesunate

Question 5

abx prophylxsis for sickle cell? Medication to stimulate HbF?

Answer 5

penicillin V
hydroxycarbamide

Question 6

polycythaemia Px and what does it become?

Answer 6

conjunctiva; plethora, ruddy complexion, splenomegaly, AML

Question 7

most severe form of psoriatic arthritis?

Answer 7

arthritis mutilans

Question 8

mri finding in early ankylosing spondylitis

Answer 8

bone marrow oedema

Question 9

what does SOAPBRAINMD stand for

Answer 9

Question 10

1st line and best tx for SLE

Answer 10

hydroxychloroquine
rituximab

Question 11

round skin lesions on face + patches of hairloss + Sx worse on sunlight =

Answer 11

discoid lupus erythematosis

Question 12

CREST stands for

Answer 12

Calcinosis
Rayndau’s phenomenon
Esophageal dysmotility
Sclerodactyly
Ttelangiectasia

Question 13

tx for sjrogens

Answer 13

hydroxychloroquine

Question 14

The classic triad of symptoms are oral ulcers, genital ulcers and anterior uveitis

Answer 14

Behcet’s syndrome

Question 15

1st line Tx of pseudogout

Answer 15

NSAIDs

Question 16

Z-score is adjusted for __________
T-score based on bone mass of ________

Answer 16

age, gender, ethnic factors
young reference population

Question 17

monoclonal Ab tx for osteoporosis

Answer 17

denusumab

Question 18

74 y.o. housebound SA lady, with fatigue, muscle weakness and bone pain. XRAY shows abnormal fractures. Dx?

Answer 18

osteomalacia (looser zone fractures)

Question 19

cotton wool apperance of skull =

Answer 19

paegets disease

Question 20

osteolytic lesions on xray for pagets is called

Answer 20

osteoporosis circumscripta

Question 21

what is pagets?

Answer 21

chaotic bone deposition

Question 22

AKI definition

Answer 22

Rise in creatinine of 26µmol/L or more in 48 hours OR
>= 50% rise in creatinine over 7 days

Fall in urine output to < 0.5ml/kg/hour for more than 6 hours

Question 23

ckd: classified using a combination of

Answer 23

estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urinary albumin:creatinine ratio (ACR)

Question 24

referral criteria for CKD

Answer 24

eGFR <30
ACR >70

Question 25

indications for acute dialysis - AEIOU

Answer 25

acidosis
electrolytes
intoxication (OD)
oedema
uraemaia (confusion)

Question 26

who needs long-term dialysis

Answer 26

CKD5

Question 27

cardiac disease and colon disease with APKD

Answer 27

colon - diverticula
heart - MR

Question 28

lamber eaton tx

Answer 28

amifampridine

Question 29

differentiating labrynthitis, meniere’s, vestibular neuritis, vestibular schwannoma

Answer 29

Labyrinthitis:
- vestibular nerve (vertigo, nystagmus), labirynth involvement (hearing difficulties) + recent viral infection

Meniere’s
- episodic, hearing loss, vertigo
- fulness in ears
- no URTI

Vestibular neuritis
- only vestibular Sx, no hearing difficulties
- URTI

Vestibular Schwannoma
- absent cornea reflex. facial nerve palsy
- no URTI

Question 30

anion gap is raised if >

Answer 30

14

Question 31

Buerger’s disease vs berger’s disease

Answer 31

Buerger’s disease (also known as thromboangiitis obliterans) is a small and medium vessel vasculitis that is strongly associated with smoking.

Features
extremity ischaemia
intermittent claudication
ischaemic ulcers
superficial thrombophlebitis
Raynaud’s phenomenon