17. Regulation of Appetite

Question 1

What is meant by hunger

Answer 1

Discomfort caused by lack of food; a craving for food

Question 2

What is meant by satiation

Answer 2

the process that leads to the termination of eating, which may be accompanied by a feeling of satisfaction.

Question 3

What is meant by satiety

Answer 3

the feeling of fullness that persists after eating, potentially suppressing further energy intake (EI) until hunger returns

Question 4

How does the hypothalamus regulate appetite

Answer 4

Hormones coming from the periphery will activate or inhibit the drive to eat.
Hormones from places with activate 2 neurons that signal higher up through neurotransmitters. One is an Anorexigenic signal(appetite goes down) other one is Orexigenic signal (will heighten your appetite). one of these will fire and signal downstream affecter neurons.

Question 5

Name the site of production, site of action, effects and its changes with fasting and feeding for: Ghrelin

Answer 5

Site of production: Stomach
Site of action: Arcuate Nucleus
Effects: Increases food intake and palatability
Changes with fasting and feeding: Gradual increase with fasting, surge when food is anticipated, drops when insulin is elevated after eating .

Question 6

Name the site of production, site of action ,effects and its changes with fasting and feeding for: PYY

Answer 6

main Anorexigenic hormone
Site of production: Ileum and Colon
Site of action: Arcuate Nucleus
Effects: Decreased food intake and increased fullness
Changes with fasting and feeding: Increases after eating.

Question 7

Name the site of production, site of action ,effects and its changes with fasting and feeding for: GLP-1

Answer 7

Site of production: Ileum and Colon
Site of action: Arcuate Nucleus
Effects: Decreased food intake and increases fullness
Changes with fasting and feeding: increases after eating

Question 8

Name the site of production, site of action ,effects and its changes with fasting and feeding for: CCK

Answer 8

Site of production: Duodenum and Jejunum
Site of action: Arcuate Nucleus
Effects: Decreases food intake and increased activity
Changes with fasting and feeding: Increases after eating, particularly in response to fat

Question 9

Name the site of production, site of action ,effects and its changes with fasting and feeding for: Leptin

Answer 9

Site of production: Adipose tissue
Site of action: Arcuate nucleus
Effects: Decreased food intake
Changes with fasting and feeding: Slight drop after eating. This hormone tends to have a tonic action to regulate adiposity