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Physics > 1.7 Particles and Nuclear Structure > Flashcards

1.7 Particles and Nuclear Structure Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the two groups of elementary particles?

A

Quarks and Leptons

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2
Q

Are quarks high or light weight particle’s?

A

They are high mass particles

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3
Q

Are leptons high or light weight particle’s?

A

They are Light Weight particles

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4
Q

What are the two types of leptons

A

Electrons, Electron Neutrino

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5
Q

Quarks are either … type or … type

A

Up
Down

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6
Q

Have Quarks ever been seen alone?

A

No

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7
Q

Baryons are made of … quarks

A

3

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8
Q

Mesons are made of a pair of … and …

A

Quarks
Anti-quarks

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9
Q

Baryons and Mesons are types of …

A

Hadrons

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10
Q

For each particle that exists there is an … particle

A

Anti

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11
Q

Antiparticles have the same … but opposite …

A

Mass
Charges

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12
Q

Up quarks have a … charge

A

+2/3

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13
Q

Down Quarks have a … charge

A

-1/3

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14
Q

Anti-up quarks have a … charge

A

-2/3

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15
Q

Anti-down quarks have a … charge

A

+1/3

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16
Q

When quarks form a group of three they are called …

A

Baryons

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17
Q

What are the four combinations of up and down quarks?

A

uud
udd
uuu
ddd

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18
Q

uud name and charge

A

Proton, +1

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19
Q

udd name and charge

A

Neutron delta, 0

20
Q

uuu name and charge

A

plus plus, +2

21
Q

ddd name and charge

A

delta minus, -1

22
Q

Antiparticles are represented by a …

A

small bar above the symbol

23
Q

Mesons must be made of a … and a …

A

Quark
Anti-Quark

24
Q

For first generation mesons they are known as … or …

A

Pi mesons
Pions

25
Q

What is the combination of quarks and anti-quarks for a pi plus meson?

A

_
du

26
Q

What is the charge for a pi plus meson?

A

1+

27
Q

What is the combination of quarks and anti-quarks for a pi minus meson?

A

_
ud

28
Q

What is the charge for a pi minus meson?

A

-1

29
Q

What is the combination of quarks and anti-quarks for a pi zero meson? 1

A

_
uu

30
Q

What is the charge for a pi zero meson?

A

0

31
Q

What is the combination of quarks and anti-quarks for a pi zero meson? 2

A

_
dd

32
Q

What is the charge for a pi zero meson?

A

0

33
Q

Can leptons exist on their own?

A

Yes

34
Q

Each lepton is given what?

A

A lepton number

35
Q

Any particles that are not leptons have a lepton number of …

A

0

36
Q

Electrons lepton number is?

A

1

37
Q

Electron neutrinos number is?

A

1

38
Q

Anti-electrons number is?

A

-1

39
Q

Electron Anti-neutrinos number is?

A

-1

40
Q

What are the three conservation laws that apply to decay reactions or collision reactions?

A

Conservation of Momentum
Conservation of Mass-Energy
Conservation of Charge

41
Q

In any interaction between particles in a system the baryon number in the system must …

A

Not change

42
Q

In any interaction between particles in a system the lepton number in the system must …

A

Not change

43
Q

What are the four kinds of forces that can be involved in a reaction?

A

Gravitational Force, Weak Force, Electromagnetic Force, Strong Force

44
Q

Weak forces

A

Effect all particles, Range is very short, very weak force, Involves Neutrinos and change in quark flavour, slowest interaction time x10-12s

45
Q

Electromagnetic Force

A

Effects charged particles, Range is infinite, Stronger than weak forces, Involves photons and the particles interacting have a charge, middle interaction time 10-17s

46
Q

Strong Forces

A

Effects only quarks, Range is short, The strongest interaction, Only involves hadrons and is the fastest interaction time 10-23s

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