1.7 Mitosis and Meiosis

Question 1

In mitosis, are the daughter cells genetically different or identical to the mother cell?

Answer 1

Identical

Question 2

What does mitosis achieve?

Answer 2

Growth Cell replacement / regeneration Asexual reproduction

Question 3

What are the main stages of mitosis?

Answer 3

Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase

Question 4

Describe interphase

Answer 4

Cell increases in size Organelles duplicate DNA replicates Protein synthesis

Question 5

Describe prophase in mitosis.

Answer 5

Chromosomes condense Appear as copies (sister chromatids joined by a centromere) Nuclear membrane disintegrates

Question 6

Describe metaphase in mitosis

Answer 6

Chromosomes (composed of sister chromatids) line up on the equator Spindle fibers connect the centrioles to the centromere

Question 7

Describe anaphase in mitosis

Answer 7

Sister chromatids separated Spindle fibers shorten, pulling each chromatid to the centrioles (poles)

Question 8

Describe telophase in mitosis

Answer 8

Cytokinesis Two identical cells formed Cells return to interphase Nuclear membrane reforms

Question 9

When does meiosis occur?

Answer 9

Sexual reproduction (production of gametes)

Question 10

What are diploids and haploids?

Answer 10

Diploids - full number of chromosomes Haploids - half number of chromosomes

Question 11

How many cells does meiosis produce?

Answer 11

4 genetically identical cells

Question 12

How many divisions are involved in meiosis?

Answer 12

2 consecutive divisions