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Brainscape Spanish > 1.7 Lesson > Flashcards

1.7 Lesson Flashcards

Common irregular verbs in the present tense

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1
Q

Translate to Spanish.

to begin

A

comenzar, empezar

to begin - comenzar, empezar. Note that both empezar and comenzar are irregular verbs that belong to the category of verbs that change their base from -e- to -ie

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2
Q

Translate to Spanish.

I begin to write my book today

A

Hoy empiezo a escribir mi libro

I begin - empiezo

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3
Q

Translate to Spanish.

You begin your math class today

A

Hoy empiezas tu clase de matemáticas

you begin - empiezas. Note that hoy can also be placed at the end of the sentence, as it is in English, but serves as emphasis when used at the beginning of the sentence

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4
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Pablo begins to take pictures of his family

A

Pablo empieza a tomar fotos de su familia

he/she begins - empieza

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5
Q

Translate to Spanish.

You (usted) begin to run

A

Usted empieza a correr

you (ud) begin - empieza

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6
Q

Translate to Spanish.

My dad and I begin to work in our house

A

Mi papá y yo empezamos a trabajar en nuestra casa

we begin - empezamos

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7
Q

Translate to Spanish.

You (vosotros) begin your essays

A

Vosotros empezáis vuestros ensayos

you (vosotros) - empezáis

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8
Q

Translate to Spanish.

You and Jaime begin (ustedes) your Spanish class

A

Tú y Jaime empiezan su clase de español

you (uds) begin - empiezan

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9
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Rafa and Daniel begin to talk to Sandra

A

Rafa y Daniel empiezan a hablar con Sandra

they begin - empiezan

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10
Q

Translate to Spanish.

TO BEGIN

  • I begin
  • You begin
  • He/She begins
  • We begin
  • You begin
  • They begin
A

EMPEZAR

  • Yo empiezo
  • Tú empiezas
  • Él/Ella/Ud empieza
  • Nosotros empezamos
  • Vosotros empezáis
  • Ellos/Ellas/Uds empiezan
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11
Q

Translate to Spanish.

José closes the door to his room

A

José cierra la puerta de su cuarto

to close - cerrar. Follows the same -e- to -ie- base change pattern as empezar

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12
Q

Translate to Spanish.

My cousins lie to their parents

A

Mis primos mienten a sus padres

to lie - mentir. Follows the same -e- to -ie- base change pattern as empezar

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13
Q

Translate to Spanish.

I think that your idea is very good

A

Pienso que tu idea es muy buena

to think - pensar. Follows the same -e- to -ie- base change pattern as empezar. Note that creo (“I believe”) can also be used to mean “I think” when referring to an idea, but pienso is used when describing deeper reflection

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14
Q

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Rocío always thinks about you, Roberto

A

Rocío siempre piensa en ti, Roberto

to think about - pensar en

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15
Q

Translate to Spanish.

I want a big house

A

Quiero una casa grande

to want - querer. Follows the same -e- to -ie- base change pattern as empezar

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16
Q

Translate to Spanish.

I want that

A

Quiero eso

that - eso. Note that in Spanish, eso is gender neutral and is used for unidentified objects or abstract concepts

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17
Q

Translate to Spanish.

I want this

A

Quiero esto

this - esto. Note that in Spanish, esto is gender neutral and is used for unidentified objects or abstract concepts

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18
Q

Translate to Spanish.

I want that book

A

Quiero ese libro

that - ese, esa. When the object is known, we use the gender-specific adjective ese or esa before it, rather than the neutral pronoun eso

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19
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Do they sell shoes at that store?

A

¿Venden zapatos en esa tienda?

store - la tienda

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20
Q

Translate to Spanish.

These shoes are new

A

Estos zapatos son nuevos

new - nuevo

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21
Q

Translate to Spanish.

We want this magazine

A

Queremos esta revista

this - este, esta. When the object is known, we use the gender-specific adjective este or esta before it, rather than the neutral pronoun esto

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22
Q

Translate to Spanish.

You (plural) want to work in the United States

A

Ustedes quieren trabajar en los Estados Unidos

to want to ___ - querer + (infinitive)

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23
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Miguel prefers my house to his house

A

Miguel prefiere mi casa a su casa

to prefer - preferir. Follows the same -e- to -ie- base change pattern as empezar. Note that the construction “I prefer this to that” is Prefiero esto a eso

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24
Q

Translate to Spanish.

My little cousin (f.) does not understand when we speak Spanish

A

Mi primita no entiende cuando hablamos español

to understand - entender, comprender. Follows the same -e- to -ie- base change pattern as empezar. Note that the synonym comprender is used a bit less frequently than entender

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25
Q

Translate to Spanish.

We do not want to lose our pens

A

No queremos perder nuestros bolígrafos

to lose - perder. Follows the same -e- to -ie- base change pattern as empezar

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26
Q

Translate to Spanish.

to move

A

mover

to move - mover. Note that mover is an irregular verb that belongs to a category of verbs that change their base from -o- to -ue-. Also note that mover does not mean to move from one house/country/state to another

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27
Q

Translate to Spanish.

I move the tables with my brothers

A

Muevo las mesas con mis hermanos

I move - muevo

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28
Q

Translate to Spanish.

You do not move your feet when you dance

A

Tú no mueves los pies cuando bailas

you move - mueves. Remember that you do not need to use the possessive for body parts when the subject is understood. So tus pies would have been awkward here

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29
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Sofía moves her books to the table when she studies

A

Sofía mueve sus libros a la mesa cuando estudia

he/she moves - mueve

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30
Q

Translate to Spanish.

We move the chairs to our room to play cards

A

Nosotros movemos las sillas a nuestro cuarto para jugar cartas

we move - movemos

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31
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Adriana and Alejandra do not move their chairs

A

Adriana y Alejandra no mueven sus sillas

they move - mueven

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32
Q

Translate to Spanish.

TO MOVE

  • I move
  • You move
  • He/She moves
  • We move
  • You move
  • They move
A

MOVER

  • Yo muevo
  • Tú mueves
  • Él/Ella/Ud mueve
  • Nosotros movemos
  • Vosotros movéis
  • Ellos/Ellas/Uds mueven
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33
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Maite and Ariana show their photos to their grandparents

A

Maite y Ariana muestran sus fotos a sus abuelos

to show - mostrar. Follows the same -o- to -ue- base change pattern as mover

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34
Q

Translate to Spanish.

I cannot go to Argentina with my family because I have to go to the university

A

No puedo ir a Argentina con mi familia porque tengo que ir a la universidad

to be able to - poder. (-o- to -ue- base change in present tense). When conjugated in the present, poder is the equivalent of the English word “can”

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35
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Is there anyone who speaks English?

A

¿Hay alguien que habla inglés?

someone, anyone - alguien

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36
Q

Translate to Spanish.

No one wants to study today

A

Nadie quiere estudiar hoy

no one - nadie

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37
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Who is the other woman?

A

¿Quién es la otra mujer?

other - otro, otra

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38
Q

Translate to Spanish.

I think that she has another boyfriend

A

Creo que tiene otro novio

another, other - otro. Be careful not to say *un otro*, which is a common English-speaker mistake. The word otro means both “other” and “another”

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39
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Can I go to the bathroom again?

A

¿Puedo ir al baño otra vez?

again - otra vez, de nuevo. Note that otra vez literally means “another time”

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40
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Juan returns from Spain in nine days

A

Juan vuelve de España en nueve días

to return (from) - volver (de), regresar (de). Volver follows the same -o- to -ue- base change pattern as mover

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41
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Marcos eats again

A

Marcos vuelve a comer

to __ again - volver a __. This is an alternative way to convey repetition of an action. The other way would be to say Marcos come otra vez or Marcos come de nuevo

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42
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Do you (ud) dream about returning to the United States?

A

¿Sueña usted con volver a los Estados Unidos?

to dream (about) - soñar (con). Follows the same -o- to -ue- base change pattern as mover

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43
Q

Translate to Spanish.

She’s looking for a boyfriend

A

Ella está buscando un novio

to look for - buscar. Note that we don’t say buscando “a” un novio here because un novio is unspecified. If we wanted to say “She is looking for her boyfriend,” we would say Está buscando a su novio

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44
Q

Translate to Spanish.

María cannot find her pen

A

María no encuentra su pluma

to find, encounter - encontrar. Follows the same -o- to -ue- base change pattern as mover. We could also say no puede encontrar su pluma, but it would mean more like “she is incapable of finding her pen”

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45
Q

Translate to Spanish.

I want to buy my own phone

A

Quiero comprar mi propio teléfono

own (possessive) - propio

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46
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Tomás and I do not eat lunch with our friends today

A

Tomás y yo no almorzamos con nuestros amigos hoy

to eat lunch - almorzar. Follows the same -o- to -ue- base change pattern as mover

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47
Q

Translate to Spanish.

At what time is lunch?

A

¿A qué hora es el almuerzo?

lunch - el almuerzo

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48
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Carmen never returns her books to the library

A

Carmen nunca devuelve sus libros a la biblioteca

to return (something); to give back - devolver. Follows the same -o- to -ue- base change pattern as mover

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49
Q

Translate to Spanish.

to serve

A

servir

to serve, to work - servir. Note that servir is an irregular verb that belongs to a category of verbs that change their base from -e- to -i-

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50
Q

Translate to Spanish.

I serve my sisters something to eat

A

Yo sirvo algo de comer a mis hermanas

I serve - sirvo

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51
Q

Translate to Spanish.

You serve lunch to our friends

A

Tú sirves el almuerzo a nuestros amigos

you serve - sirves

52
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Your car does not work?

A

¿Tu carro no sirve?

he/she/it works - sirve. Note that servir can mean “to work”, when used without a direct object. You cannot use trabajar to describe whether an object works. Another alternative would be to use the word funcionar, which means “to work, to function”

53
Q

Translate to Spanish.

We serve lunch every day

A

Nosotros servimos el almuerzo todos los días

we serve - servimos

54
Q

Translate to Spanish.

You (vosotros) do not serve lunch to the students

A

Vosotros no servís el almuerzo a los estudiantes

you (vosotros) serve - servís

55
Q

Translate to Spanish.

You all serve something to eat to our grandparents

A

Ustedes sirven de comer a nuestros abuelos

you (uds) serve - sirven

56
Q

Translate to Spanish.

The pens do not work very well

A

Las plumas no sirven muy bien

they serve - sirven

57
Q

Translate to Spanish.

TO SERVE

  • I serve
  • You serve
  • He/She serves
  • We serve
  • You serve
  • They serve
A

SERVIR

  • Yo sirvo
  • Tú sirves
  • Él/Ella/Ud sirve
  • Nosotros servimos
  • Vosotros servís
  • Ellos/Ellas/Uds sirven
58
Q

Translate to Spanish.

The principal of the school fires your teacher

A

El director de la escuela despide a tu maestro

to fire - despedir. Follows the same -e- to -i- base change pattern as servir

59
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Juan measures his tall cousins

A

Juan mide a sus primos altos

to measure - medir. Follows the same -e- to -i- base change pattern as servir

60
Q

Translate to Spanish.

to grab, to take

A

coger

to grab, to take - coger. Note that coger is an irregular verb that belongs to a category of verbs that change spelling from -g- to -j-. This spelling change only occurs in the singular first person, yo cojo. Caution: In some countries, coger means “to make love”

61
Q

Translate to Spanish.

I grab my books

A

Yo cojo mis libros

I grab - cojo

62
Q

Translate to Spanish.

You grab your brother’s pen

A

Tú coges el bolígrafo de tu hermano

you grab - coges

63
Q

Translate to Spanish.

We grab all of the notebooks

A

Nosotros cogemos todos los cuadernos

we grab - cogemos

64
Q

Translate to Spanish.

I choose my books well

A

Yo escojo bien mis libros

to choose - escoger. Follows the same -g- to -j- base change pattern as coger

65
Q

Translate to Spanish.

  • Maria loves me more than anyone (loves me)
  • Maria loves me more than (she loves) anyone
A
  • María me quiere más que nadie
  • María me quiere más que a nadie.

Note that the use of the personal a changes the meaning of the sentence. Also remember that querer means both “to want” (for an object) or “to love” (for a person)

66
Q

Translate to Spanish.

I protect my children

A

Yo protejo a mis hijos

to protect - proteger. Follows the same -g- to -j- base change pattern as coger

67
Q

Translate to Spanish.

I gather all of our books

A

Yo recojo todos nuestros libros

to collect, to gather - recoger. Follows the same -g- to -j- base change pattern as coger

68
Q

Translate to Spanish.

He picks up his son from school

A

Él recoge a su hijo de la escuela

to pick up (a person) - recoger. Note that the word recoger means both “to collect/gather” and “to pick up”

69
Q

Translate to Spanish.

to get, to obtain

A

conseguir

to obtain - conseguir. Note that conseguir is an irregular verb that belongs to a category of verbs that change their base from -gu to -g. In the first person, the base changes from -e- to -i-

70
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Where do I get that book?

A

¿Dónde consigo ese libro?

I get/obtain - consigo. Note that consigo only means “get” in the sense of obtaining something. Other English uses of the verb “get” will be discussed later

71
Q

Translate to Spanish.

We never get anything good

A

Nunca conseguimos nada bueno

we get - conseguimos

72
Q

Translate to Spanish.

TO GET, OBTAIN

  • I get
  • You get
  • He/She gets
  • We get
  • You get
  • They get
A

CONSEGUIR

  • Yo consigo
  • Tú consigues
  • Él/Ella/Ud consigue
  • Nosotros conseguimos
  • Vosotros conseguís
  • Ellos/Ellas/Uds consiguen
73
Q

Translate to Spanish.

I never follow my older sisters

A

Nunca sigo a mis hermanas mayores

to follow - seguir. Follows the same -i- to -e- base change pattern as conseguir

74
Q

Translate to Spanish.

I chase the bad men

A

Yo persigo a los hombres malos

to pursue, to chase - perseguir. Follows the same -i- to -e- base change pattern as conseguir

75
Q

Translate to Spanish.

to construct, to build

A

construir

to construct, to build - construir. Note that verbs like construir undergo a spelling change from -i- to -y- in most forms in the present tense

76
Q

Translate to Spanish.

I build one building each year

A

Construyo un edificio cada año

I build - construyo

77
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Do you build a lot of houses?

A

¿Construyes muchas casas?

you build - construyes

78
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Is it true that Rafael builds a building each year?

A

¿Es verdad que Rafael construye un edificio cada año?

he/she builds - construye

79
Q

Translate to Spanish.

My brother is building a wall in his room

A

Mi hermano está construyendo una pared en su cuarto

wall - la pared

80
Q

Translate to Spanish.

We never build on this street

A

Nunca construimos en esta calle

we build - construimos

81
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Do they build tall buildings?

A

¿Construyen ellos edificios altos?

they build - construyen

82
Q

Translate to Spanish.

The men are building a very big house on this street

A

Los hombres están construyendo una casa muy grande en esta calle

building, constructing - construyendo

83
Q

Translate to Spanish.

TO CONSTRUCT, TO BUILD

  • I build
  • You build
  • He/She builds
  • We build
  • You build
  • They build
A

CONSTRUIR

  • Yo construyo
  • Tú construyes
  • Él/Ella/Ud construye
  • Nosotros construimos
  • Vosotros construís
  • Ellos/Ellas/Uds construyen
84
Q

Translate to Spanish.

What’s wrong with Maru? It seems that she is sad

A

¿Qué tiene Maru? Parece que está triste

to seem, to appear - parecer.

85
Q

Translate to Spanish.

It seems that Paloma destroys her room every week

A

Parece que Paloma destruye su cuarto cada semana

to destroy - destruir. Follows the same -i- to -y- base change pattern as construir

86
Q

Translate to Spanish.

We play Monopoly every day

A

Jugamos Monopoly todos los días

to play - jugar

87
Q

Translate to Spanish.

It’s a very good game

A

Es un juego muy bueno

game - el juego

88
Q

Translate to Spanish.

We are going to play a game after dinner

A

Vamos a jugar un juego después de la cena

after - después de

89
Q

Translate to Spanish.

We will arrive before lunch

A

Vamos a llegar antes del almuerzo

before - antes de

90
Q

Translate to Spanish.

It is late

A

Es tarde

late - tarde

91
Q

Translate to Spanish.

My friend and I are going to talk later

A

Mi amigo y yo vamos a hablar luego

later - luego. It is also acceptable to say más tarde

92
Q

Translate to Spanish.

The children do not contribute to our ideas

A

Los niños no contribuyen a nuestras ideas

to contribute - contribuir.

93
Q

Translate to Spanish.

to convince

A

convencer a (alguien) de (algo)

to convince - convencer. Note that convencer is an irregular verb that undergoes a stem change from -c- to -z- in the first person

94
Q

Translate to Spanish.

I convince my mother to go to the United States

A

Convenzo a mi madre de ir a los Estados Unidos

I convince - convenzo

95
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Every day after class, we convince our parents to eat lunch at McDonald’s

A

Cada día después de clase, convencemos a nuestros padres de almorzar en McDonald’s

we convince - convencemos

96
Q

Translate to Spanish.

TO CONVINCE

  • I convince
  • You convince
  • He/She convinces
  • We convince
  • You convince
  • They convince
A

CONVENCER

  • Yo convenzo
  • Tú convences
  • Él/Ella/Ud convence
  • Nosotros convencemos
  • Vosotros convencéis
  • Ellos/Ellas/Uds convencen
97
Q

Translate to Spanish.

to obey

A

obedecer

to obey - obedecer. Note that obedecer is an irregular verb from a category of verbs ending in -cer that undergoes a stem change from -c- to -zc- in the first person, yo obedezco

98
Q

Translate to Spanish.

I do not obey my parents every day

A

No obedezco a mis padres todos los días

I obey - obedezco

99
Q

Translate to Spanish.

My brother and I never obey our sister

A

Mi hermano y yo nunca obedecemos a nuestra hermana

we obey - obedecemos

100
Q

Translate to Spanish.

TO OBEY

  • I obey
  • You obey
  • He/She obeys
  • We obey
  • You obey
  • They obey
A

OBEDECER

  • Yo obedezco
  • Tú obedeces
  • Él/Ella/Ud obedece
  • Nosotros obedecemos
  • Vosotros obedecéis
  • Ellos/Ellas/Uds obedecen
101
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Raúl wants your help

A

Raúl quiere tu ayuda

help - la ayuda

102
Q

Translate to Spanish.

I offer to help my grandmother

A

Yo ofrezco ayudar a mi abuela

to offer - ofrecer. Follows the same -c- to -zc- base change pattern as obedecer

103
Q

Translate to Spanish.

I never disobey my teachers

A

Nunca desobedezco a mis maestros

to disobey - desobedecer. Follows the same -c- to -zc- base change pattern as obedecer

104
Q

Translate to Spanish.

I grow a lot in one year

A

Crezco mucho en un año

to grow - crecer. Follows the same -c- to -zc- base change pattern as obedecer

105
Q

Translate to Spanish.

I thank my father every day

A

Agradezco a mi padre todos los días

to thank (for), to give thanks - agradecer (por). Follows the same -c- to -zc- base change pattern as obedecer

106
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Natalia and Alex thank their teacher for all of her help

A

Natalia y Alex agradecen a su maestra por toda su ayuda

for - por. Note that por has many uses beyond those fulfilled by the English “for”, as we will see later

107
Q

Translate to Spanish.

I translate the book from English to Spanish

A

Traduzco el libro de inglés a español

to translate - traducir. Note that verbs ending in -ucir undergo the same stem change as verbs ending in -cer, changing from -c to -zc in the conjugation of the first person, yo

108
Q

Translate to Spanish.

I do not drive my dad’s car

A

No conduzco el carro de mi papá

to drive (a car) - conducir. Follows the same -c- to -zc- base change pattern as traducir

109
Q

Translate to Spanish.

I introduce my girlfriend to art

A

Introduzco a mi novia al arte

to introduce - introducir. Follows the same -c- to -zc- base change pattern as traducir. Note that introducir can only mean “to introduce someone to something”. If you want to introduce two people, you say presentar

110
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Today I introduce my girlfriend to my family

A

Hoy presento a mi novia a mi familia

to introduce - presentar. Note that we do not use the word introducir, since that can only mean “to introduce someone to something”.

111
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Do I know all of your cousins?

A

¿Conozco a todos tus primos?

to know (to be aquainted) - conocer. Follows the same -c- to -zc- base change pattern as obedecer. Note that conocer is used in the following cases:

to be acquainted with or well versed in,
to know people (remember to include the personal a), and
to be familiar with places and things

112
Q

Translate to Spanish.

If you speak English, then you can translate the book

A

Si hablas inglés, puedes traducir el libro

if - si. Note the difference between si “if” and sí “yes”

113
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Do you know if she is Jorge’s cousin? Because I don’t know

A

¿Sabes si ella es prima de Jorge? Porque yo no sé

to know - saber. Note that saber is only irregular in its first person conjugation (yo sé). Also note that saber is used in the following cases:

“to know that…”,
to know facts, and
to know information

114
Q

Translate to Spanish.

I don’t know who is there

A

No sé quién está allí

I know - yo sé. Note that this yo conjugation is the only irregular form of the verb saber. The other forms are regular in the present tense.

115
Q

What is the difference between saber and conocer (which both mean “to know” in English)?

A

SABER: to know facts or to know information.

CONOCER: to be acquainted with, to be fluent in, to know people, and to be familiar with places and things

116
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Do you know the answer?

A

¿Sabes la respuesta?

answer - la respuesta

117
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Do you know the people that live here?

A

¿Conoces a la gente que vive aquí?

people - la gente. Note that la gente acts as a singular noun

118
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Do you know when the TV show starts?

A

¿Sabes cuando empieza el programa de televisión?

TV show - el programa de televisión

119
Q

Translate to Spanish.

to send

A

enviar, mandar

to send - enviar, mandar. When conjugated, enviar is spelled with an accent over the i, as are many other verbs ending in -uar, -iar, and -ar

120
Q

Translate to Spanish.

I send letters every day

A

Yo envío cartas todos los días

I send - envío

121
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Do you send letters to all of your friends?

A

¿Envías cartas a todos tus amigos?

you send - envías

122
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Jaime sends letters to his girlfriend but does not receive letters from her

A

Jaime envía cartas a su novia pero no recibe cartas de ella

he/she sends - envía

123
Q

Translate to Spanish.

We always send letters to Mexico

A

Siempre enviamos cartas a México

we send - enviamos

124
Q

Translate to Spanish.

The teachers send their students’ grades to their parents

A

Los maestros envían las notas de sus estudiantes a sus padres

they send - envían

125
Q

Translate to Spanish.

TO SEND

  • I send
  • You send
  • He/She sends
  • We send
  • You send
  • They send
A

ENVIAR

  • Yo envío
  • Tú envías
  • Él/Ella/Ud envía
  • Nosotros enviamos
  • Vosotros enviáis
  • Ellos/Ellas/Uds envían
126
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Paula continues to talk to her teacher from elementary school

A

Paula continúa a hablar con su maestra de la escuela primaria

to continue - continuar. Follows the same accent change as enviar

127
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Do you know my cousin Carla?

A

¿Conoces a mi prima Carla?

Note that saber is never used to describe knowing people; for people, you must always use conocer

Brainscape Spanish (20 decks)

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