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Pharm Test 2 > 17 Anti Anemics > Flashcards

17 Anti Anemics Flashcards

1
Q

What is anemia?

A

Dec RBC

Dec hemoglobin in blood

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2
Q

Iron is important for ____

A

delivery of oxygen

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3
Q

Free iron is ___, so is functionally coordinated to ___

A

toxic

heme within hemoglobin

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4
Q

Under normal conditions a reserve of iron is stored?

A

bound to Ferritin

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5
Q

Increased rate of erythrocyte destruction?

A

Hemolysis

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6
Q

What is deficiency anemia?

A

Iron
B12
Folic Acid

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7
Q

What is hemolytic anemia?

A

RBC lysis defect

Sickle cell

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8
Q

What drugs are used as oral iron therapy?

A

Ferrous sulfate
Ferrous gluconate
Ferrous fumarate

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9
Q

If a pregnant woman needs iron supplements, what is recommended?

A

Oral Iron therapy

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10
Q

How long should treatment with oral iron be?

A

3-6 months

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11
Q

What are the adverse effects of oral iron therapy?

A 
Nausea
Heartburn
Epigastric discomfort
Abdominal cramps
Constipation
Diarrhea
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12
Q

What happens when oral iron therapy drugs interact with Antacids?

A

Inhibit absorption of ferrous compounds

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13
Q

What happens when oral iron therapy drugs interact with Ascorbic acid?

A

Increases the absorption of iron

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14
Q

What drug is given when OD on iron?

A

Deferoxamine

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15
Q

When do you use parenteral iron therapy?

A

Oral iron insufficient

Pregnant

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16
Q

When giving parenteral iron therapy, what do you need to monitor?

A

Dose dependent toxicity

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17
Q

What are adverse effects of parenteral iron therapy?

A 
Acute hypersensitivity
Anaphylactic shock
Headache
Malaise
Fever
Back pain
Flushing
Bronchospasm
Nausea
Vomit
18
Q

What drugs are used for parenteral iron therapy?

A

Sodium ferric gluconate
Iron sucrose
Iron dextran

19
Q

What drug is preferred for parenteral iron therapy?

A

Iron sucrose

20
Q

Why is iron sucrose preferred for parenteral iron therapy?

A

Lower risk of anaphylactic reaction & better tolerated than iron dextran

21
Q

How is iron dextran administered?

A

IM

IV

22
Q

How is Iron dextran processed?

A

over several weeks

by macrophages to release iron from dextran complex

23
Q

What is the safest treatment for B12 deficiency?

A

Oral

24
Q

What drugs provide parenteral therapy for B12 deficiency?

A

Cyanocobalamin

Hydroxcobalamin

25
Q

Adverse effects of this drug have been reported with IV route, so always give IM

A

Cyanocobalamin

26
Q

What drug do I give a single dose for B12 deficiency?

A

Hydroxocobalamin

27
Q

What is folic acid essential for?

A

Synthesis of
Amino acids
Purines
DNA

28
Q

Who will have inadequate levels of folic acid in diet?

A

Alcoholic

Pregnant

29
Q

What does folate deficiency result in?

A

Megaloblastic Anemia

Indistinguishable from B12 deficiency

30
Q

How to distinguish the cause of anemia is not B12 deficiency?

A

Measure folate levels in serum & RBC

31
Q

What drugs are used for antifolate cancer therapy?

A

Methotrexate
Trimethoprim
Pyrimethamine

32
Q

What does a multivitamin containing folic acid reduce?

A

Fetal neural tube defects

33
Q

What drug is effective to counter adverse effects of antifolate therapy in cancer?

A

Folinic acid

34
Q

What is of value in the treatment of the anemia associated with renal failure?

A

Recombinant Erythropoietin

35
Q

When giving erythropoietin what do you monitor?

A

Hemoglobin recovery

36
Q

What is given to a pt with Thalessemia? Why?

A

Iron chelation therapy
Deferoxamine

Avoid end organ damage in heart, endocrine, liver

37
Q

What drugs are used for sickle cell therapy?

A

Folate

Hydroxyurea

38
Q

What kind of supplement is folate?

A

Lifetime

39
Q

What does hydroxyurea do?

A

reactivates production of fetal hemoglobin

40
Q

What is the most effective treatment for sickle cell disease?

A

Bone Marrow transplant

Pharm Test 2 (8 decks)

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