16th and 17th Century punishment Flashcards
What was the aim of torture in Tudor times?
To gain a confession or information from criminals
Give examples of Tudor methods of torture
The rack, thumbscrew and the boot
What was the aim of corporal punishment in Tudor and Stuart times?
To cause physical pain and humiliation
What did every town have to have from 1430 onwards?
A pair of stocks, for vagrants, profaners and drunks
Give examples of Tudor and Stuart methods of corporal punishment
Stocks and pillory, flogging, scold’s bridle and branding
What did the stock do?
Fastened a person’s legs
What did the pillory do?
Secured a person’s head and arms in a wooden structure
What would happen to criminals in the stocks or pillory?
They would face verbal abuse and have items such as rotten fruit thrown at them
What did an act of 1530 mean for vagrants and vagabonds?
If an able bodied person was found to be begging they could be arrested. A JP could then have them stripped naked, tied to a cart and whipped
What 3 types of punishment were used in Tudor and Stuart times?
Capital punishment, corporal punishment and torture
What is capital punishment?
Punishment of death
Why did the Tudors and Stuarts use public executions as a form of punishment?
For deterrence and retribution
Why were public executions in Tudor and Stuart times not effective?
They were seen as entertainment rather than as a deterrent. Executions themselves became rife with crime
How was a noble, rich or Royal executed in the 16th and 17th centuries?
By beheading
How were ordinary people executed in Tudor and Stuart times?
By hanging
What were the Marian persecutions?
Queen Mary I ordering people accused of Hersey to be burned at the stake
How many people did Queen Mary I have executed?
Around 300
During the Marian persecutions, who did Mary mainly focus on?
Leaders of the Protestant church
How could anyone accused of heresy during the Marian persecutions escape death?
By recanting their views and returning to Catholicism, by acknowledging the Pope as the head of the Church
What name did Queen Mary I acquire because of the Marian persecutions?
Bloody Mary
What is capital punishment?
Punishment of death
Why did the Tudors and Stuarts use public executions as a form of punishment?
For deterrence and retribution
Why were public executions in Tudor and Stuart times not effective?
They were seen as entertainment rather than as a deterrent. Executions themselves became rife with crime
How was a noble, rich or Royal executed in the 16th and 17th centuries?
By beheading
How were ordinary people executed in Tudor and Stuart times?
By hanging
What were the Marian persecutions?
Queen Mary I ordering people accused of Hersey to be burned at the stake
How many people did Queen Mary I have executed?
Around 300
During the Marian persecutions, who did Mary mainly focus on?
Leaders of the Protestant church
How could anyone accused of heresy during the Marian persecutions escape death?
By recanting their views and returning to Catholicism, by acknowledging the Pope as the head of the Church
What name did Queen Mary I acquire because of the Marian persecutions?
Bloody Mary
Why was there conflict between Elizabeth I and Mary Queen of Scots?
Elizabeth was unmarried and had no children, so Mary had a good chance of taking the throne. Mary was involved in numerous attempts to murder Elizabeth in order to become queen, which is what Catholic people at the time wanted
What did Elizabeth I first do to punish Mary Queen of Scots?
Have her locked in the Tower of London
What year did Elizabeth I have Mary Queen of Scots executed by beheading?
1587
Why was John Penry executed?
For travelling around Wales criticising Queen Elizabeth I church and power
How was John Penry executed?
Hanged, drawn and quartered for treason
Although Queen Elizabeth I was tolerant of others’ religion, what was she not tolerant of?
Treason
