16.3: Mechanisms of Hormone Actions

Question 1

What is a target cell?

Answer 1

tissue cells that have receptors for a specific hormone

Question 2

Where are water soluble receptors found?

Answer 2

Plasma membrane

Question 3

Where are lipid soluble receptors found?

Answer 3

within the cytoplasm or nucleus of the cell

Question 4

Why do water-soluble hormones require intracellular second messengers in order to interact with their target cells?

Answer 4

they are unable to diffuse through the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane

Question 5

What is the first messenger (Cyclic AMP)

Answer 5

HORMONE binds to the receptor

Question 6

What is the second messenger?

Answer 6

Cyclic AMP

Question 7

Function of G protein:

Answer 7

to respond to a wide variety of extracellular signals, such as hormones, which regulate bodily functions

Question 8

Function of Adenylate Cyclase

Answer 8

Accelerate the conversion of ATP to cAMP

Question 9

Function of Cyclic AMP:

Answer 9

used for intracellular signal transduction, such as transferring into cells the effects of hormones that can’t pass through the plasma membrane

Question 10

Function of Protein Kinases:

Answer 10

transfers a phosphate group from ATP to a protein