16: Urinary Tract

Question 1

Which cells are especially found in the horse urinary tract?

Answer 1

Tubular mucous glands and goblet cells

Question 2

Why is horse urine alkaline?

Answer 2

Lots CaCO3

Question 3

How soon must you do horse urinalysis after getting sample?

Answer 3

60 mins or refridgerate

Question 4

What is the usual cause of post-renal azotaemia?

Answer 4

Foal with ruptured bladder

Question 5

What can cause acute tubular necrosis?

Answer 5

NSAIDs, aminoglycosides, polymixin B, tetracycline, Hb, myoglobin, vitamin D

Question 6

Which casts do you see in acute tubular necrosis?

Answer 6

Granular

Question 7

How common is acute interstitial nephritis?

Answer 7

Rare

Question 8

What do you see in the urine in acute interstitial nephritis?

Answer 8

WBC casts and pyuria

Question 9

What causes acute interstitial nephritis?

Answer 9

Ascending infection, drug administration, Lepto

Question 10

What kind of azotaemia does a rapid creatinine decrease suggest?

Answer 10

Pre-renal

Question 11

Which types of renal disease have a poor prognosis?

Answer 11

Ischaemic or interstitial

Question 12

When is tubular prognosis especially good?

Answer 12

If BM intact

Question 13

What are some causes of chronic tubular disease?

Answer 13

Sepsis, ischaemia, endotoxaemia, nephrotoxins, uroliths, pyelonephritis

Question 14

What can bute intoxication cause?

Answer 14

Papillary necrosis

Question 15

What is the most frequent complaint if CKD?

Answer 15

Weight loss

Question 16

How can you manage CKD?

Answer 16

Palatable diet, low Ca and protein (more grass, less alfalfa), NSAIDs, monitor

Question 17

What is the prognosis in CKD?

Answer 17

Poor to grave

Question 18

How fast is myoglobin cleared from blood?

Answer 18

Fast

Question 19

What does red serum and dark urine mean?

Answer 19

Haemoglobinuria

Question 20

What does clear serum and dark urine mean?

Answer 20

Myoglobinuria