1.6 Respiration

Question 1

What is respiration?

Answer 1

Respiration is the cellular process of releasing energy from food and storing it as ATP.

Question 2

Give 5 examples of cellular activities that require energy.

Answer 2

1. cell division
2. synthesis of proteins from amino acids
3. active transport
4. muscle cell contraction (in animal bodies)
5. transmission of nerve impulses (in animal bodies)

Question 3

What is the role of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

Answer 3

To provide the energy required for cellular activities.

Question 4

What is ATP made of?

Answer 4

ATP is made of one adenosine molecule and three phosphate groups, called Pi for short.

Question 5

How is the chemical energy released from ATP?

Answer 5

Each molecule of ATP stores a small quantity of chemical energy. This energy can be released by breaking down ATP into adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and a phosphate group

Question 6

Energy is required to regenerate molecules of ATP that have been broken down. How is this energy regenerated?

Answer 6

ATP is regenerated by joining a molecule of ADP to a phosphate group.

Question 7

How is ATP created?

Answer 7

Adding energy to adenosine plus two phosphate groups creates ATP.

Question 8

Draw a diagram that summarises the breakdown and regeneration of ATP.

Answer 8

Draw the diagram.