1.3 DNA & Production Of Proteins Flashcards
Describe the structure of a DNA strand?
DNA strands are made up of complementary base pairs and are in the shape of a double helix.
How many bases does DNA have? And what are they?
4 bases: Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Guanine (G) and Cytosine (C)
What bases pair with each other?
A pairs the T
G pairs with C
This is known as complementary base pairing.
What does DNA carry?
DNA carries the genetic information for making proteins which are unique to each individual.
What does the sequence of bases determine?
The order of amino acids in a protein.
What is a gene?
A section of DNA which codes for a particular protein.
What is mRNA?
mRNA is a molecule that carries a complimentary copy of the code from the DNA in the nucleus to a ribosome in the cytoplasm.
What happens to mRNA at the ribosome?
mRNA is decided and the correct amino acids are assembled from the code.
What do amino acids do?
Amino acids join together to form a protein.
