1.6 Materials Flashcards
1
Q
Properties of bleed proof paper?
A
smooth, prevents marker bleeds
2
Q
Uses of bleed proof paper?
A
presentation drawings
3
Q
Properties of cartridge paper?
A
good quality white paper often with texture
- different weights
4
Q
uses of cartridge paper?
A
paints, markers and drawings
5
Q
Properties of grid paper?
A
paper printed with different grids as guidelines
6
Q
uses of grid paper?
A
quick model drawings and working drawings
7
Q
Properties of layout paper?
A
thin translucent and lightweight
can be used with markers and takes colour
8
Q
uses of layout paper?
A
initial quick sketching and drawing
9
Q
properties of tracing paper?
A
thin and transparent
10
Q
Uses of tracing paper?
A
tracing copies of drawings
11
Q
What is paper always less then?
A
200gsm
12
Q
What are boards always more then?
A
200gsm, and 2,5mm thick
13
Q
Properties of corrugated card?
A
Strong, lightweight
made of two or more layers
fluted middle section for good insulating
get different thickness
14
Q
Uses of corrugated card?
A
packaging such as pizza boxes, large boxes for heavy items
15
Q
Properties of duplex card?
A
thin board, one side suitable for painting
16
Q
Uses of duplex card?
A
food packaging
17
Q
Properties of Foil-lined board?
A
board covered on one side with aluminium foil
good insulator
18
Q
Uses of foil lined board?
A
takeaway or ready meal packaging
19
Q
Properties of foam core board?
A
two pieces with core of foam to increase thickness
thick, very lightweight
20
Q
Uses of foam core board?
A
model making ( architectural models)
21
Q
Properties of inkjet card?
A
treated for use in inkjet printers
22
Q
Uses of inkjet card?
A
printing in inkjet printers
23
Q
Properties of solid white board?
A
top quality cardboard, smooth and white
good for painting on
24
Q
Uses of solid white board?
A
book covers
25
What two groups can timber be categorised into?
soft and hardwoods
26
What is a hard wood?
wood from deciduous tree
27
What is a softwood?
wood from evergreen tree
28
Name 5 hardwoods?
```
ash
beech
mahogany
oak
balsa
```
29
Properties of ash?
tough, flexible, wide grained, finishes well
30
Uses of ash?
sports equipment, ladders
31
Properties of beech?
hard, strong, close grain, prone to wrapping and splitting
32
Uses of beech?
furniture
kids toys
workshop tool handles
bench tops
33
Properties of mahogany?
strong and durable
available in wide planks
fairly easy to work
34
Uses of mahogany?
good quality furniture, panelling and venders
35
Properties of oak?
hard, tough, durable, open grain
| high standard finish
36
Uses of oak?
timber framed buildings, flooring, high quality furniture
37
Properties of balsa?
strong, durable, lightweight, easy to work
38
Uses of balsa?
model making, floats, rafts
39
Name 3 softwoods?
larch
pine
spruce
40
Properties of larch?
```
reddish
striking grain
tough but easy to work
prone to spliting
natural resistant to rot
```
41
Uses of larch?
fencing, fence posts, decking
42
Properties of pine?
straight grained
yellow colour
soft and easy to work
can be knotty
43
Uses of pine?
interior joinery and furniture
| window frames
44
Properties of spruce?
creamy white
lightweight
easy to work with small knots
45
Uses of spruce?
bedroom furniture
| stringed instruments
46
What are the two categories for manufactured boards?
laminated boards and compressed boards
47
What are laminated boards?
glueing large sheets or vaneers together
48
What is a compressed board?
glueing particles, chips or flakes together under pressure
49
What are some advantages of manufactured boards?
- large sheets
- consistent throughout board
- more stable then timber
- make sue of low grade timber
50
Give three examples of manufactured boards?
MDF, plywood, chipboard
51
Properties of MDF?
smooth surface, compressed fibres of wood combined with a synthetic adhesive
strong
52
Uses of MDF?
flat pack furniture, decretive mouldings and shop interiors
53
Properties of Plywood?
laminated board made of several veneers of wood glued together
consistent strength due to odd layers
stiff
54
Uses of Plywood?
laminated flooring, roofing, furniture
55
Properties of chipboard?
made of large flakes or chips of timber glued together under pressure
56
Uses of chipboard?
kitchen work surface, kitchen cupboards, flooring
57
What two groups can metals be grouped into?
ferrous and non-ferrous metals
58
What are ferrous metals?
metals that contain iron
59
What are non-ferrous metals?
metals that do not contain iron
60
Name 3 ferrous metals?
cast iron
low carbon steel
high carbon steel
61
Properties of cast iron?
hard surface, brittle soft core
strong compressive strength
cheap
62
Uses of cast iron?
vices, car break discs, cylinder blocks
63
Properties of low carbon steel?
good tensile strength, tough, malleable
| poor resistance to corrosion
64
Uses of Low carbon steel?
car bodies, nuts, bolts and screws
65
Properties of High carbon steel?
Hard but brittle
| less tough and malleable then medium carbon steel
66
Uses of High carbon steel?
screw drivers, chisels, taps and dies
67
What is good about non- ferrous metals?
malleable properties and resistance to corrosion
68
Properties of Aluminium?
Lightweight, soft, ductile, malleable
good conductor of electricity
corrosion resistant
69
Properties of Copper?
extremely ductile and malleable
excellent conductor of heat and electricity
easily soldered and corrosion resistant
70
Uses of aluminium?
aircraft bodies, cans, cooking pans
71
Uses of copper?
plumbing fitting, hot water tanks
72
Properties of Zinc?
weak in pure state
high level of corrosion resistance
low melting points
easily worked
73
Uses of zinc?
as a galvanised coating, corrugated roofing
74
Properties of Tin?
soft ductile and malleable
low melting point
excellent corrosion resistance
75
uses of tin?
coating on food and drinks can
76
What is an alloy?
a material that is produced by combining two or more elements together to produce a new material with refined properties
77
Name three alloys?
brass- non- ferrous alloy
stainless steel ferrous alloy
duralumin
78
Properties of brass alloy?
strong and ductile
casts well
corrosion resistant
conductor of heat and electricity
79
Uses of brass alloy?
casting, taps and wood screws
80
properties of stainless steel alloy?
hard and tough
| excellent corrosion resistance
81
Uses of stainless steel alloy?
sinks, cutlery, surgical equipment
82
Properties of duralumin?
strong, soft and malleable
excellent corrosion resistance
light weight
83
Uses of duralumin?
aircraft structure, fuel tanks
84
What is a thermoforming polymer?
polymers that can be softened by heating, shaped and set over and over again
85
name 6 thermoforming polymers?
acrylic, HIPS, HDPE, PP, PVC, PET
86
What are thermosetting polymers?
polymers that can only be shaped and formed by heat once
87
Name 5 thermosetting polymers
Epoxy resin, MF, PF, polyester resin, UF
88
What are additives?
properties of polymers that can be further enhanced with additives
89
What are fibres?
very fine hair like threads and are the basic building blocks of fabrics
90
What are natural fibres?
fibres from plant and animal sources
91
What are synthetic fibres?
fibres manufactured from oil based chemicals
92
Name three natural fibres?
cotton, wool, silk
93
name 3 synthetic fibres?
polyester, polamide, elastane
94
What are blended or mixed fibres?
fabrics that contain two or more fibrest
95
What are woven fabrics?
produced by interlacing two sets of yarns at right angles to each other on a machine called a loom
96
What is a warp yarn?
runs length of fabric
97
What is the weft yarn?
run across the width of fabric
98
What is a selvedge?
at the edge where the weft yarn turns around a finished edge
99
What is the bias of a fabric?
the interlacing of the warp and weft yarn making the fabric strong and stable
100
Features of a plain weave fabric?
simple + cheap
| firm strong hard wearing fabric
101
What are non- woven fabrics?
made directly from fibres without being woven or knitted
102
What are felted fabrics?
made from wool fibres and use the natural felting ability of the wool to cause the fibres to matt together using heat, mechanical action and moisture
103
What are bonded fabrics?
made from webs of fibres which are held together in various ways: special adhesive
thermal bonding
stitching with a thread
needle punching
104
Uses of bonded fabrics?
disposable items, interfacing and interlining
105
Uses of felted fabrics?
hats, slippers, toys
106
What are knitted fabrics
yarns are looped together to make looser more flexible fabrics
107
What are the two types of knitted fabrics?
weft knit and warp knit
108
Uses weft knit fabrics?
socks, jumper, t-shirt
109
Uses of warp knit fabrics?
swimwear, underwear, net curtains
110
What is fusibility?
how easily a material's state can be altered to become a liquid
111
What is electrical conductivity?
how easy electrical energy can pass through a material
112
What is thermal conductivity?
how easily heat energy can pass through a material
113
what is Resistance to moisture?
a materials ability to prevent liquid and moisture permeating the surface
114
What is absorbency?
a materials ability to soak up and retain liquid, heat or light
115
What is strength?
a materials ability to withstand a constant force without breaking
116
What is tension?
force pulling outwards
117
What is compression?
force pushing inwards
118
What is shear force?
Two opposite forces
119
What is torsion?
twisting of an object
120
What is bending?
tension and compression
121
What is density?
materials mass per unit volume
122
What is toughness?
materials ability to withstand impact from a dynamic force
123
What is malleability?
ability to be permanently deformed or shaped by impact rolling or pressing without it bending
124
What is ductility?
materials ability to be drawn or pulled in to a long length or wire without breaking
125
What is elasticity?
a measurement of a materials ability to stretch under force and return to its original shape without deformation when the force is removed
