16-33 multiple choice Flashcards
What is the main cause of genetic diversity within a population?
Mutation
In human genetics, what is the male-determining sex chromosome?
Y chromosome
What is the function of restriction enzymes in genetic engineering?
To cut DNA at specific sequences
What is a genotype?
The genetic constitution of an organism
What is the central dogma of molecular biology?
DNA -> RNA -> Protein
Which of the following is NOT a component of the Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection?
Inheritance of acquired characteristics
A structure that seems to serve no purpose in an organism is called:
Vestigial
In science, theories are:
The best explanation for a set of data or observations
A group of mice becomes separated by the formation of a river. Over time, the northern mice became smaller and whiter, while the southern mice became larger and browner. This is an example of:
Divergence
Lamarck is to “Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics” as Darwin is to:
Evolution by natural selection
Any variation that can help an organism survive in its environment is called a(n):
Adaptation
The strongest evidence for change over a long period of time comes from:
Fossils
The dog breeds we have today been developed through:
Artificial selection (selective breeding)
The finches on the Galapagos island were similar in form except for variations of their beaks. Darwin observed that these variations were useful for:
Gathering food
What is the process by which new species are formed?
Speciation
