15.9 LUBRICANTS AND FUELS👌🏼 Flashcards

1
Q

Function of engine oil

A
  • lubricating
  • cooling
  • cleaning
  • corrosion protection
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2
Q

What are the 2 types of engine oils

A
  • synthetic
  • minerals
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3
Q

What are the 3 different type of synthetic oils

A
  • type 1 (used on old gas turbines)
  • type 2 (modern gas turbines)
  • type 3 (higher thermal stability and viscosity at high temp than type 2) (used on special aircraft)
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4
Q

Advantages of synthetic oils

A
  • better viscosity
  • better thermal stability
  • high pressure resistance
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5
Q

Drawback of synthetic oils

A
  • expensive
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6
Q

Explain viscosity index

A
  • higher number = viscosity least affected by temp change
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7
Q

Explain viscosity

A
  • internal resistance of a fluid against deformation
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8
Q

If viscosity is high what does that mean

A

Fluid is thick (viscous)

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9
Q

Explain pour point

A

Lowest temp oil will visibly move

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10
Q

What is the pour point for type 2 oils

A

-57*c

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11
Q

Explain flash point

A
  • lowest temp that oil will give enough vapour to flash when flame is applied
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12
Q

What is the flash point for type 2 oils

A

> 250*c

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13
Q

Explain oxidation resistance

A
  • resists reaction between oil and oxygen
  • when oil reacts with oxygen, it gets thicker (increases viscosity)
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14
Q

Explain volatility

A
  • liquid converted into a vaporous state
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15
Q

Explain acidity

A
  • measure of corrosive tendencies of the oil
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16
Q

Explain oil foaming

A
  • resistance of oil to separate from entrapped air
17
Q

Explain rubber swelling

A

Amount of oil that will cause a particular rubber compound to swell

18
Q

Explain corrosiveness

A
  • effect the oil has on various metals
  • especially copper
19
Q

Explain coking

A
  • amount of carbon residue remaining in the oil after extreme heating
20
Q

Explain jet A1 (DERD 2494)

A
  • common fuel type for jet engines in Europe
  • American name ‘JP 1A
21
Q

Explain Jet A

A
  • common fuel type for jet engines in America
  • JP 1
22
Q

Explain Jet B (DERD 2486)

A
  • flash point -20c (-4F)
  • used in Canada (cold weather)
23
Q

Explain JP 5

A
  • type of military fuel
  • high flash point (65*c)
  • low freezing point (-48*c)
24
Q

Water encourages ice build up if fuel cools below what temperature

A

0*c

25
Q

Explain anti ice additives

A
  • can be added to bulk fuel or aircraft fuel tank
26
Q

What anti ice solution is in the additive

A

Diethylene glycol solutions that work as a antifreeze agent

27
Q

Explain anti-oxidants

A

Prevent formation of gum deposits on fuel system components

28
Q

Explain static dissipated additives

A
  • reduce hazardous effects of static electricity generated by fuel movement
29
Q

What can prolonged or repeated contact of engine oil with the skin cause

A

Irritation and dermatitis

30
Q

If engine oil contacts the skin, what should be done

A
  • wash thoroughly with soap and warm water
31
Q

Do synthetic oils have a shelf life

A

Yes

32
Q

Are synthetic oils storage stable and why

A

No because synthetic oil is hygroscopic