15.8 Kidney Failure Flashcards
What happens to urine if the kidneys are infected or affected by Hugh blood pressure
Proteins in urine as filter no longer works and large plasma proteins can pass into filtrate
Blood in urine - as filter process no longer work
What happens if the kidneys fail completely
Concentration of urea will build up and causes major affects
What does the concentration of urea increasing due to kidney failure cayse to happen in the body
Loss of electrolyte balance as body cannot execrete excess sodium abs chloride ions so osmotic imbalance are caused
Build up of toxic urea
High blood pressure
Weakened bones
Pain and stiffness
Anaemia - reduced production of red blood cells
What is the glomerular filtration rate
A measure used to indicate kidney disease
What is used to give an estimated glomerular filtration rate
A blood test that measures the levels of creating in the blood
If levels go up it signifies the kidneys aren’t working
What is renal dialysis
The treatment of kidney failure with the use of an artificial kidney
What’s the the two main types of dialysis
Heamodialysis
Peritoneal dialysis
What happens in haemodialysis
A dialysis machine is used and the blood leaves the body and goes in the machine where it flows past a mimic basement membrane
Dialysis fluid is used for correct and absorbitions to happen
Takes about 8 hours
What happens in peritoneal dialysis
Happens inside the body where the natural dialysis membranes are used which are formed by the lining of the abdomen
Dialysis fluid is introduced into the abdomen using a catheter
It’s left there for several hours
What is the best solution to kidney failure
Kidney transplant
How do scientists reduce the risk of rejection of kidney transplants
Match antigens as close as possible
Drugs are given to suppress immune system - immunosuppressant drugs
