Commercial products and biotechnology Flashcards
Industrial microbiology definition
It uses microorganisms, theyre grown on a large scale to produce products
What are the classic methods used for
They are used to select for high yielding microbial varients
What are the properties of a useful industrial microbe?
Can be easily innoculated
grows rapidly on a large scale using cheap mediums
Not pathogenic.
Produces product quickly
Primary metabolite definition
produced during exponential growth
e.g alcohol
Secondary metabolite definition
Produced during stationary phase
Not essential for growth
often produced by spore forming microbes during sporulation
What size are secondary metabolites?
They are large molecules that need lots of enzymatic steps for production
What is a fermentor?
It is where the microbiology process takes place
Are fermentors aerobic or anaerobic?
most are Aerobic but they can be both
Important parts of the fermentor and what they do
Impellers and spargers produce oxygen
cooling jackets cool fermentor down after steam
What should bioreactors provide?
Agitation (for mixing)
Aeration (O2 supply)
Regulations of factors (temp and Ph)
Sterilisation
Withdrawal of cells
Scale up, what is it?
It is the transfer of a process from a small
laboratory scale to large-scale
commercial equipment
Where do the challenges to do with scale up arise?
Aeration and mixing
What are antibiotics?
They are compounds that kill or inhibit the growth of other microbes
What metabolite are antibiotics generally?
Secondary
What method is used to test microbial isolates for antibiotic production
Cross streak method