Bowlby's theory of maternal deprivation Flashcards

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1
Q

What did Bowlby determine as the critical period?

A

0-2.5 yrs

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2
Q

What did Bowlby determine as the sensitive period?

A

0-5 years

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3
Q

What intellectual effects on development did Bowlby find maternal deprivation had?

A

atypically low IQ
Evidence: Goldfarb dound lower IQ in children who stayed in institutions compared to fostered children

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4
Q

What emotional effects on development did Bowlby find maternal deprivation had?

A

Affectionless psychopathy- inability to experience guilt/strong emotions towards others
person therefore unable to develop fulfilling relationships

lack of empathy/remorse for actions- can lead to criminal behaviour

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5
Q

Describe Bowlby’s research on maternal deprivation

A

Control group: 44 non-criminal, emotionally-disturbed teens

Thieves: 44 criminal teens accused of stealing

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6
Q

Describe the findings from Bowlby’s research?

A

control:
2/44 who had experienced prolonged separation as children, were classed with having psychopath tendencies

non-control:
14/44 classed as affectionless psychopaths
12/14 had experienced prolonged separation in the first two years of their life

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7
Q

What did Bowlby conclude?

A

maternal deprivation can lead to affectionless psycopathy

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8
Q

Describe supporting evidence for this theory (+)

A

Bowlby’s own research and findings support the idea that continual presence of care from amother/mother subsitute is essential for normal psychological development

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9
Q

Describe criticisms of Bowlby’s research (-)

A

this research relies on self-report data

families were questioned whcih could lead to a demonstration of social-desirability bias and provide subjective results

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10
Q

Describe the case of the Czech twins (opposing theory)(-)

A

Both twins suffered emotionl and physical abuse until they were 7 years old

They recovered fully from the trauma

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11
Q

Describe the application of this theory (+)

A

allows social intervention where necessary to allow children to form healthy, emotion-based primary attachments

reduces risk of affectionless psychopathy, therefore reduced risk of criminal behaviour

benefits socially and financially

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12
Q

Is this theory reductionistic?

A

Yes
Bowlby doesnt distinguish between correlation and causation
As well as lacking a clear distinction between deprivation and privation

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