15.1 FUNDEMEMNTALS Flashcards
define energy
something that gives us capacity to do work
what can energy be categorised into?
potential, kinetic
define potential energy
energy at rest or being stored
define kinetic energy
energy in motion
what is newtons first law
law of inertia
what is newtons second law
play between force and motion (force = mass x acceleration)
what is newtons third law
law of attraction and reaction
what is the brayton cycle
thermodynamic cycle of a gas turbine engine
what are the 4 brayton cycle stages
intake, compression, expansion, exhaust
how does air leave the intake
increased pressure and decreased volume
where does compression take place
compressor
where does expansion take place
combustion chamber
what is the exhausts duct
convergent duct
what are the four ideal changes of state for air during engine operation
isobaric, isochoric, isothermal, isentropic
what is force in terms with thrust
force is the intensity of thrust
when is work done
object is moved over a distance
what are the 2 factors involved in work
force, movement through distance
what can motion be defined as
continuing change in position
what is acceleration defined as
rate of change of velocity
what are the 2 types of aircraft engine
piston, gas turbine
where can gas turbine engines operate in comparison to piston
high altitudes
what are the 4 types gas turbine
turbojet, turbofan, turboprop, turboshaft
what are the advantages of turbojets and disadvantages
simple, high speeds, little space used / high fuel consumption, loud, poor low speed performance, limited range
what percentage of thrust is produced from a turbofan engine
80
what arrangement are turbofan engines designed in
twin or triple spool
what does a spool consist of
turbine driving compressor through a shaft
what are the advantages of a turbo fan and the disadvantages
fuel efficient, quiet, streamline / heavy, larger frontal area, inefficient at very high altitude
what do turboprop engines produce
shaft horsepower
what does a typical gas turbine engine consist of
air inlet, compressor, combustion, turbine, exhaust
what is work measured in
joules
what is power measured in
watt
