15.1 Basic Concepts Flashcards
Family
A group of individuals related to one another by blood ties, marriage, or adoption, who form an economic unit, the adult members of which are responsible for the upbringing of children
Kinship
A relation that links individuals through blood ties, marriage, or adoption
Kinship relations are part of marriage and family but they extend much more broadly
Kinship is of vital importance to social life
Mariage
A socially approved relationship between 2 individuals
Marriage historically has involved 2 people of opposite sexes but in modern day, marriage between same-sex partners was ruled legal in the US
Family of Procreation
Marriage can form the basis of a family of procreation - that is, it is expected that the married couple will produce and bring up children
Nuclear Family
A family group consisting of 2 adults and dependant children
Extended Family
A family group consisting of more than 2 generations of relatives living either within the same household or very close to one another.
Extended Fmaily
A family group consisting of more than 2 generations of relatives living wither within the same household or very close to one another
Families of orientation
The families into which individuals are born.
Also known as families of origin
Families of Procreation
The families individuals initiate through marriage, cohabitation, or by having children
Matrilocal
A family system in which the husband is expected to live near the wife’s parents
Patrilocal
A family system in which the wife is expected to live near the husband’s parents
Monogamy
A form of marriage in which each married partner is allowed only one spouse at any given time
Polygamy
A form of marriage in which a person may have two or more spouses simultaneously
Polygyny
A form of marriage in which a man may simultaneously have 2 or more wives
Polyandry
A form of marriage in which a woman may simultaneously have 2 or more husbands
Lawrence Stone distinguished 3 phases in the development of the family
- 15th to 17th century
- 17th to 18th century
- mid 18th to mid 20th century
15th to 17th century (Development of Family)
A type of nuclear family existed that lived in small households but maintained deeply embedded relationships within the community and with kin
17th to 18th century (Development of Family)
In the upper classes, the nuclear family became a more separate entity with a growing emphasis on martial and parental love.
Paternal power increased
Mid 18th to mid 20th century ( Development of Family )
Family is defined by close emotional bonds, domestic privacy, and child-rearing.
it is marked by affective individualism, courtship and marriage based on personal choice, and sexual attraction or romance love
Affective individualism
The belief in romantic attachment as a basis for contracting marriage ties
Themes of European Family Systems that Left a Legacy on American Family Life
- Prominent religious regulation by Christian Churches
- Extreme inequality and separate family worlds of the rich and the poor
- Family relations were not matters of personal preference or choice; marriage was a political and economic institution for maintaining lineages, creating alliances, and arranging cooperation in labour
- Patriarchy
Patriarchy
The system of men’s control over property and fathers’ authority over all family members
Change brought by democracy and industrialism created conflict within the family
- The patriarchal ideal of the man as the economic provider of the family became a powerful symbol
- Women started embracing the growing ideology of individualism and personal freedom
- The latter was met with a strong conservative backlash
Compromise Made With Marriage (New Ideals, New Traditions)
A compromise was made: women were still considered free, and the concept of male authority began to be replaced by the idea of men as “protectors” of women, while women cared for, loved, and nurtured their husbands.
This laid the foundation for what came to be known as separate spheres
