1500-1600, The Reformation

Question 1

What type of Christianity was practiced by the C of E

Answer 1

Anglicanism

Question 2

Why did the reformation take place

Answer 2

It was broadly believed that the Christian Church was becoming too concerned with worldly matters

Question 3

What was the problem with the pope which caused need for reformation

Answer 3

Pope was too concerned with political power and wasn’t concerned with pleasing followers of the church

Question 4

Indulgences

Answer 4

Allowed people to be absolved from their sins through payment

Question 5

Reasons it was difficult to be catholic

Answer 5

• protecting if priesthood
• mass went on in Latin
• bible wasn’t printed in the vernacular

Question 6

What did the following two aspects of the Lutheran revolt mean: Sola Gratia, Sola Scriptura

Answer 6

Sola Gratia: by faith alone which stated that salvation came only to those who had true faith

Sola Scriptura: which stated that scripture was the only source of true knowledge of God’s will

Question 7

The priesthood of all believers and how it is different from Catholicism

Answer 7

Priesthood of all believers argues that all true believers receive God’s Grace and were therefore priests in God’s eyes.

Differed from Catholicism where priests had to be ordained in order to correctly interpret scriptures.

Question 8

95 theses

Answer 8

Luthiers proposals against Catholicism (translated to the vernacular by his students)

Was spread by printing press

Question 9

Who helped Luther by protecting his interests against the papacy

Answer 9

Frederick of Saxony, a prince in the HRE, who helped cause the popes delay in excommunicating Luther.
By the time he was excommunicated, Protestantism had been spread throughout the HRE.

Question 10

Peace of Augsburg

Answer 10

Implemented by princes of the HRE against Roman Catholic Church, stating that the ruler of each specific land had the power to choose the religion of this land.

Question 11

Why wasn’t Protestantism welcome in France

Answer 11

It was the side of most bloodshed because Protestantism was declared heretical and illegal.
French Protestants were known as Huguenots

Question 12

What did the Edict of Nantes (1598) do?

Answer 12

Established principle of religious toleration in France.

Question 13

What happened in theEnglish reformation

Answer 13

Henry VIII established the Church of England, or Anglican Church because he wanted a divorce from Catherine of Aragon bc she couldn’t have a son

Question 14

What did Edward VI, Henry VII’s son do to the Anglican Church

Answer 14

Established it as the official English religion

Question 15

What were the people who weren’t Anglican known as

Answer 15

Dissenters

Question 16

Changes in religious from Edward VI, to Mary I (Bloody Mary), to Elizabeth I

Answer 16

Edward Anglican
Mary Catholic (persecuted Protestants)
Elizabeth Anglican

Question 17

Who started Calvinism and where

Answer 17

John Calvin, Geneva Switzerland as a branch of Protestantism.

Question 18

Where did John Calvin have to flee from to establish Calvinism

Answer 18

France; where Huguenots were frowned upon, and Catholicism was the main religion

Question 19

Calvinist views towards salvation

Answer 19

Predestination; God chooses a specific group (the elect) to be saved

Question 20

Hierarchy in Calvinism

Answer 20

• Pastors: preached gospel
• Doctors: studied scripture and wrote commentaries
• Deacons: saw to the social welfare of the community
• Elders: governed the church and the community in moral matters and enforced discipline.

Question 21

Who were the Anabaptists?

Answer 21

I could’ve used this during birriels hell month, I had no idea who they were…

• the first and largest group of radical reformers
• • they thought that judgement day was near, seized the city of Münster and burned all books that weren’t the bible.
• – were a threat to the social order

Question 22

Who put an end to the Anabaptists?

Answer 22

Lutheran prince Philip of Hesse

Question 23

What was the society of Jesus also known as? Who founded them?

Answer 23

Founded by Ignatius Loyola, known as the Jesuits

Question 24

What did the Council of Trent do?

Answer 24

Abolished catholic abuses that had led to the creation of Protestantism in the first place

Question 25

Ways the Catholic Church battled the reformation

Answer 25

The inquisition:
Investigate charges of heresy, combat all threats to church authorities, and imprison or execute those who went against them
Banning books:
Books that were considered unorthodox were placed in the index of banned books

Question 26

Martin Luther believes salvation was achieved through…..

Answer 26

Faith alone