150 Flashcards
Why did Europeans come to America to colonize?
Idk
Virginia Company
A joint-stock company that gained a character to establish James town
Jamestown
Do
John Smith
Governor of Jamestown for first two years
Pocahontas
Well known for saving john smith life and bring some peace to British/Native American relations after her marriage to rolgh
John Rolfe
Learned how to grow this type of tobacco and sold the first crop in 1614 in England
Tobacco
The growth of tobacco allowed Virginia to grow and prosper
Bacon’s Rebellion
Had shown that the settlers weren’t content with being restricted to the coast
Plymouth Colony
The colony of pilgrims they followed the mayflower compact
Pilgrims
Separatist who came to the colonies for religious freedom
Mayflower
A boat
Mayflower Compact
A document provided the laws and helped form government in America
William Bradford
Leader of pilgrims& writer of the Plymouth plantation
Squanto and Samoset
They helped the pilgrims learn how to grow
Puritans
Colony based on bible
Massachusetts Bay Colony
Idk
John Winthrop
Groups governor
Anne Hutchinson and Roger Williams
Both taken to trial for disagreeing with puritans . They made Rhode Island
Salem Witch Trials
Idk
William Penn
Founded Pennsylvania and wrote the quakers constitution
Quakers
Tolerate of others people view. they wouldn’t fight in war
Pacifists
People who wouldn’t fight in war or use force
James Oglethorpe’s debtor and buffer colony
Idk
First Great Awakening
Idk
Triangular Trade
Was a system in which slaves , crops, and manufactured goods were traded by Africa, the Caribbean, and the American colonies
Poor Richard’s Almanack, Albany Plan of Union and Join or Die Cartoon
Idk
John Peter Zenger Trial
Idk
Cause of French and Indian War
France and Great Britain each wanted gain an upper hand on the other country in America
Proclamation of 1763
Halted western expansion by settlers west of the Appalachian mountains to appease the na’s
The Sugar Act
Lowered the tax on molasses to try and convince people to stop smuggling in 1764
The Stamp Act
Placed a tax on almost all printed stuff in colonies
The Boston Massacre
It was a fight because one British soldier got knocked down so another one fired. It was used as propaganda
The Boston Tea Part
A group of colonists led by the sons of liberty board a ship and throw all the tea in the sea
The Intolerable/Coercive Acts
Harsh laws intended to punish Massachusetts citizens as a reaction to Boston tea party. Closed harbor
Patrick Henry
Said “I’m not a Virginian, but an American
John Hancock
Was the 1st person to sign the Declaration of Independence
Thomas Paine’s Common Sense
He called for the colonies to have complete independence from Great Britain
Declaration of Independence – Year, location, author, significance
1776, Thomas Jefferson, “ break up letter”
Cause of American Revolutionary War
Idk
Loyalists
Were colonists still loyal to Great Britain also called tories
Patriots
Fought on own ground and had George Washington leadership
Battles of Lexington and Concord
Idk
Battle of Saratoga
The British had a plan to cut off ne from the rest of the colonies. But gb was to slow. The battle of Saratoga was the turning point of the war. After Saratoga France and Spain become allies of the colonies
Winter at Valley Forge
A time of terrible suffering without decent food, clothing or shelter for Washington and his troops
Battle of Yorktown
As cornwalls heads to Yorktown, Washington plans to attack at NYC
Benedict Arnold
Idk
Lead commander of the Patriots troops in the war
George Washington
Marquis de La Fayette
Believed that the future of America had a great influence on the future of mankind
Friedrich von Steuben
Drilled the troops at valley forge
Francis Marion aka swamp fox
Helped the patriots defend the south
guerrilla warfare
Hit and run war technique
Treaty of Paris 1783
Gb recognize the us as a independent nation
Northwest Ordinance of 1787
Created one territory out of the lands north to the Ohio river and east of the Mississippi River
Articles of Confederation
Each state had one vote in congress. It was unsuccessful
Shays’ Rebellion
Was an uprising by Massachusetts farmers to fight the government taxes on poor farmers
The Great Compromise
Established the modal for congress used to this day
The 3/5 Compromise
Allowed southern states to count slaves as 3/5 of a free person for representation
The US Constitution – Father of, year, and purpose
James Madison, idk, idk
Bill of Rights
1st ten amendments to the constitution
1st Amendment
Guarantees freedom of speech,religion,assembly,press and petition the government
2nd Amendment
Rights for citizens to bare arms and for states to be able to maintain a militia
4th Amendment
Protects against unreasonable searches and seizures without probable cause
5th Amendment
Natural rights can not be deprived without due process of law
6th Amendment
You have a right to a speedy, public trial by an impartial jury
Three Branches of Government and their purpose
Legislation branch- congress sees 10,000 bills per year but most of them die in committee before being voted on
Executive- carries out the laws
Judicial- interpreters laws and declares laws or presidential acts unconstitutional
Whiskey Rebellion
A civil uprising against taxing power of the federal government
Alexander Hamilton
Idk
Alien and Sedition Acts
Alien acts- allowed president to deport aliens
Sedition acts-a crime to speak on write false criticisms to try and weaken the government
John Sevier
Idk
Natchez Trace
Idk
Marbury v Madison
Was the landmark case the established judicial review
Judicial review
Means the court can nullify actions of other branches
McCulloch v Maryland
Supreme Court case over states rights
Election of 1800
John Adams vs. Thomas Jefferson
Louisiana Purchase
France sells the territory for 15 million around 250 million in modern money
Lewis and Clark Expedition
They were sent to explore and find the territory resources
Impressment and the attack of the Chesapeake
Impressment- the act of forcing Americans to serve in the British army
Attack on the Chesapeake- the us ship the Chesapeake was intercepted by the British vessel demanding to search for dissenters
War Hawks from the War of 1812
People who pushed for war with gb such as Henry clay and john c Calhoun
War of 1812 – DC burned, Fort McHenry, Battle of New Orleans
Idk what’s this is asking
The Star Spangled Banner
Francis scoot key wrote it
Monroe Doctrine
The Western Hemisphere was no longer open for colonization
Irish Potato Famine’s relationship to Immigration
Idk
Elizabeth Cady Stanton’s convention
Was the first women’s rights convention in Seneca falls,New York
Was for women’s suffrage
Industrial Revolution
Idk
Capitalism
Individuals put their capital into a business in hopes of making a profit
Free Enterprise System
People are free to buy,sell, and produce what they want and can work where they wish
Supply and Demand
Prices/cost are set by supply and demand
Number One Crop in the South in the 1800’s
Cotton
Eli Whitney’s Cotton Gin – what it did and why that was important
It removed seeds from cotton.
It was quicker and slaves could do other work
Urban vs Rural
Urban-city
Rural-country
Wilderness Road
The route to Kentucky from the Atlantic coast
Daniel Boone
Made the wilderness road
He is a long hunter
Cumberland Gap
Allowed for a path to be created that made passing through the Appalachian mountains easier
The Corrupt Bargain
The speaker of the house,Henry Clay meets with Adams and agrees to use his influence to help Adams get the vote in hor
Adams wins the election
Andrew Jackson – spoils system, fight with the bank
It do
Indian Removal Act
Passed by congress in order to relocate na’s
Trail of Tears
Relocation and movement of Cherokee from Georgia to Oklahoma
Sequoyah
Created the written Cherokee language
William Henry Harrison’s Presidency
Tippecanoe and Tyler too
Gave inauguration speech on march 4, 1841 that lasted over 2 years
Shortest presideny
Manifest Destiny
Belief that America should extend its boundaries all the way to the Pacific Ocean
Texas Rebellion
Idk
The Alamo – battle significance
U
Davy Crockett
Backwoodsman from Tennessee who volunteered to fight at the Alamo
Oregon Trail
Was used by settlers migrating to the Pacific Ocean
James K Polk – President that fulfilled what?
Speaker of the house and governor for Tennessee
“Young Hickory”
Mexican War – Border dispute, Mexican Cession
Conflict begun when Mexican troops attacked Zachary Taylor and his troops
Us believes the Texas border is the rio grande river and Mexico believes the border is the niece river
John Sutter and the California Gold Rush
1st to discover a gold nugget on his property
The gold rush more than doubled the worlds supply of gold. When the Levi’s jeans first came out
The Missouri Compromise of 1820
To have maine enter as a free state and Missouri as a slave state
John Brown
Violent abolitionist that believed god had chosen him to end slavery
Harriet Tubman
The most famous conductor of the Underground Railroad
Underground Railroad
A network of escape routes out of the south for enslaved people
Frederick Douglass
Most well known a-a abolitionist
Harriet Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Novel that explored the issues of slavery
Fugitive Slave Act
Required all citizens to help catch runaway slaves in 1850. Anyone who aided a fugitive slave could be fined or imprisoned.
The enforcement of this act caused more anger in the north
Kansas-Nebraska Act
Increased the amount of territory open to slave holding in the us.
Letting people decide for themselves about an issue is called popular sovereignty
Bleeding Kansas
Kansas became the first territory to shed blood in a civil war over slavery
Sumner-Brooks Incident
Senator Charles sumner lashed out against those for slavery, including Andrew P. Butler
Raid on Harper’s Ferry
John Brown led 18 men on a raid to attack a weapon storage facility .
He hoped to start a rebellion against slave holders by arming slaves,but he and his men were quickly known defeated
Dred Scott v Sandford
Dred Scott was slave that sued his owner but he lost
Lincoln-Douglass debates – House Divided Speech
Senate race in Illinois that became the center of national attention
R-Lincoln vs. D- Stephen A. Douglass
The main topic was slavery
Election of 1860
The more popular north outvoted the south.
Lincoln won
Causes of the Civil War
People were mad about Lincoln being president
Fort Sumter
Confederate guns opened fire on fort Sumter on April 12,1861.
Marked the beginning of the civil war
Ulysses S. Grant
Him and his 40,000 troops are headed to an important railroad junction in Mississippi.
He is the 18th president
Robert E. Lee
Was opposed to slavery, but still fought on the confederate side because he was a proud Virginian that wouldn’t fight against his own state
Stonewall Jackson
Considered one of the most gifted tactical commanders in us history
First Battle of Bull Run
The confederate let out a loud and strange scream,a rebel yell, that terrified the northern soldiers and caused them to drop their weapon and retreat
The confederates were too disorganized and weakened to pursue the fight
Anaconda Plan
To defeat the south by dividing them in 2
54th Massachusetts
The most well known a-a regiment
The Battle of Gettysburg
Lee believed that the losing of Gettysburg was all his fault
The Battle of Vicksburg
Idk
Sherman’s March to the sea
General William Tecumseh Sherman led the western army towards Atlanta.
After burning Atlanta,Sherman’s army began their historic “march to sea” towards savanna Georgia
Lee Surrendering to Grant
On April 9,1865,lee and his troops surrendered to grant in a small Virginia village called Appomattox court house
13th Amendment
Abolished slavery in 1865
14th Amendment
Gave full citizen
