15. Warning Systems

Question 1

Recall features of the Weather Radar system

Answer 1

Incorporates a predictive windshear function

 Detects and displays ground mapping and areas of severe weather

 Must not be operated within 50 feet of personnel or a fuel spill

 Must not be operated inside a hangar

Question 2

Recall features of the Central Aural Warning System (CAWS)

Answer 2

The aircraft Central Aural Warning System consists of tones such as horns, chimes, and bells accompanied by voice messages and warnings

 Each voice message is preceded by its associated tone warning

Question 3

Recall when a takeoff warning will occur

Answer 3

A takeoff warning will sound anytime aircraft is on the ground, both throttles are advanced and any of the following conditions exist:

Brakes – parking brake engaged

 Flaps – Not in agreement with setting entered into FMS

 Slats – Not in takeoff

 Spoilers – Not Stowed

 Stabilizer – Not in green band

 Rudder Trim – Not centered

Question 4

Recall features of the Predictive Windshear system

Answer 4

Detects microburst windshear hazards during takeoff and landing

 Automatically activated in flight when aircraft is below 2300’ radio altitude (even if radar is OFF)

**Note: radar must be ON to receive any predictive alerts on the ground (during takeoff)

 Cockpit alerts generated below 1200’ radio altitude and microburst detected

Question 5

Recall Predictive Windshear Alert Levels

Three levels of alert for windshear conditions

WARNING - CAUTION - ADVISORY

Answer 5

WARNING ALERT

DURING TAKEOFF

**Note: Warnings are inhibited from 100 knots until reaching 50’ AGL

 Max effective range 3 NM

 WINDSHEAR icon displayed on ND

 Red WINDSHEAR AHEAD icon displayed on PFD

 Aural warning: “WINDSHEAR AHEAD- WINDSHEAR AHEAD”

DURING LANDING

**Note: Warnings are inhibited below 50’ AGL

 Max effective range 1.5 NM

 WINDSHEAR icon displayed on ND

 Red WINDSHEAR AHEAD icon displayed on PFD

 Aural warning: “GO AROUND - WINDSHEAR AHEAD”

Question 6

Recall Predictive Windshear Alert Levels

Three levels of alert for windshear conditions

WARNING - CAUTION - ADVISORY

Answer 6

CAUTION ALERT

**Note: Caution Alerts are inhibited from 100 knots until reaching 50’ AGL

Generated for windshear events outside the warning area

Max range 3 NM

WINDSHEAR icon displayed on ND

Amber WINDSHEAR AHEAD icon displayed on PFD

Aural warning: “MONITOR RADAR DISPLAY”

Question 7

Recall Predictive Windshear Alert Levels

Three levels of alert for windshear conditions

WARNING - CAUTION - ADVISORY

Answer 7

ADVISORY ALERT

Generated for windshear events outside the warning and caution area

Max range 5 NM

WINDSHEAR icon only displayed on ND

**Note: Reactive Windshear Warnings are similar with aural warnings for “HEADWIND SHEAR” and “TAILWIND SHEA R” (detected increasing/decreasing performance) and are available from 80 knots to 1500’

Aural alerts are accompanied by the following messages on the PFDs

 WINDSHEAR – Headwind shear (increasing performance)

 WINDSHEAR – Tailwind shear (decreasing performance)

Question 8

Recall features of the Electronic Instrument System (EIS) Alerting

Answer 8

*Note: The EIS Alerting System displays alerts and applicable consequences on the aircraft Display Units (DU)

Note: Pushing the associated cue light on the System Display Control Panel (SDCP) displays the associated SD synoptic and resets the MASTER CAUTION or MASTER WARNING lights

Question 9

EIS alerts are categorized into four levels, each with unique characteristics

Answer 9

LEVEL 3 ALERT – BOXED RED

 Indicate emergency operational conditions that require immediate crew attention

 Red MASTER WARNING Lights illuminate

 Boxed RED alert on the EAD

 Associated cue light on SDCP illuminates

LEVEL 2 ALERT – BOXED AMBER

 Indicate abnormal operational conditions that require immediate crew attention

 Amber MASTER CAUTION lights illuminate

 Boxed AMBER alert on the EAD

 Associated cue light on SDCP illuminates

LEVEL 1 ALERT – AMBER

 Indicate conditions that may require maintenance attention before takeoff, a logbook entry, confirmation of desired condition, etc

 Amber MASTER CAUTION lights may illuminate

 AMBER alert on EAD

 Associated cue light on SDCP may illuminate

LEVEL 0 ALERT – CYAN

 Generally operational, or aircraft status information

 CYAN alert on EAD

CONSEQUENCES

**Note: When some level 1, 2 or 3 alerts are displayed, statements called CONSEQUENCES are displayed on the associated synoptic

Question 10

Recall the inhibit features of the aircraft’s alert system during takeoff

Answer 10

Level 3 Alerts and associated MASTER WARNING lights are inhibited from V1 to 400’ RA, but no longer than 25 seconds in flight

 Level 2 or 1 Alerts and associated MASTER CAUTION lights are inhibited at throttle advance, 80 knots, or V1-20 knots

 The takeoff inhibits are released at 400’ RA, after 25 seconds in flight or above 1000’ AFE

 Level 0 Alerts are not inhibited

Question 11

Recall indications of a completed and successful aircraft Takeoff Essential Items Checklist

Answer 11

During taxi, aircraft takeoff requirements are automatically checked sequentially

 When all takeoff items have been satisfied, a green takeoff-checklist-complete box is displayed on the EAD

 The green box is removed once the aircraft becomes airborne

Question 12

Recall indications of a completed and successful aircraft Landing Essential Items Checklist

Answer 12

During approach, essential aircraft landing requirements are automatically checked

 When all landing items have been satisfied, a green landing-checklist-complete box is displayed on the EAD (same as above)

 The green box is removed once the aircraft is on the ground

**Note: Do not delay calling the LANDING CHECKLIST complete while waiting for the “Green Box” to appear

Question 13

Recall features of the aircraft Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System (EGWPS)

Answer 13

The aircraft EGPWS interfaces with the radio altimeters, ADIRUs, VIAs, ILS and landing gear position lever to detect dangerous aircraft proximity to the ground

 Effective below 2500’

Terrain Switch

 Push – Inhibits enhanced EGPWS features

 Illuminates OVRD light

 Basic EGPWS modes not affected

GND PROX WARN Switch

 FLAP OVRD – Inhibits warning when landing with less than normal flaps

 NORM – Normal position

WX/TERR Switch

Push – Selects weather radar display on ND

 Push again to deselect weather

 Terrain is displayed when weather radar is not selected

BELOW G/S Switch

 Indicates excess deviation below glideslope

 Light accompanied by vocal warning “GLIDE SLOPE”

 Pushing switch below 1,000’ RA inhibits or cancels warning

Several Modes to detect:

Excessive descent rates

 Excessive terrain closure rates

 Altitude loss after takeoff

 Unsafe terrain clearance

Descent below ILS glide slope

 Excessive bank angles

 Descent through predefined radio altitudes

Question 14

Recall features of the aircraft Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System (TCAS)

Answer 14

Airborne systems interrogate ATC transponders in nearby aircraft to identify and display potential collision threats

RA - Resolution Advisory

 Displayed on the ND and PFD to display potential conflicts

 Imminent collision threat

 Depicted by a red square on the ND

 Voice warnings will command climb or descent, as required, and notify crew when clear of conflict

TA - Traffic Advisory

 TA threats depicted by amber circles on the ND

 Voice warning: “TRAFFIC, TRAFFIC”

 Corrective action will not be required

Proximate Traffic

 Displayed on the ND as solid cyan diamonds

**Note: RA corrective commands may be shown by a green fly-to zone on the PFD vertical speed display – or – by red forbidden zones on the PFD vertical speed display