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Applied Edexcel Mathematics > 1.5) The Large Data Set > Flashcards

1.5) The Large Data Set Flashcards

1
Q

What is the northernmost UK weather station?

A

Leuchars

Example sentence: Leuchars is located in Scotland.

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2
Q

What is the northernmost English weather station?

A

Leeming

Example sentence: Leeming is located in North Yorkshire.

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3
Q

What is the westernmost UK weather station?

A

Camborne

Example sentence: Camborne is located in Cornwall.

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4
Q

Which weather station is closest to London?

A

Heathrow

Example sentence: Heathrow is located near London.

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5
Q

Which UK weather station is closest to the Isle of Wight?

A

Hurn

Example sentence: Hurn is located near the Isle of Wight.

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6
Q

In alphabetical order, what are the three overseas weather stations?

A

Beijing, Jacksonville, Perth

Example sentence: The overseas weather stations are listed alphabetically.

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7
Q

In what unit (and tenths) is the daily mean temperature measure in?

A

Degrees Celcius - average of the hourly temperature during a 24 hour period

Example sentence: The daily mean temperature is measured in degrees Celsius.

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8
Q

Between which times (at GMT) is the daily mean temperature measured?

A

09:00 to 09:00

Example sentence: The daily mean temperature is measured from 9:00 to 9:00 GMT.

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9
Q

What would be seen if no data was available for daily mean air temperature?

A

n/a

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10
Q

Between which times (at GMT) is the daily total rainfall measured?

A

09:00 to 09:00

Example sentence: The daily total rainfall is measured from 9:00 to 9:00 GMT.

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11
Q

What does a tr / trace value mean for daily total rainfall?

A

<0.05mm

Example sentence: A trace value for daily total rainfall is less than 0.05mm.

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12
Q

What unit is daily total rainfall measured in?

A

Millimetres

Example sentence: Daily total rainfall is measured in millimetres.

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13
Q

What would be seen if no data was available for daily total rainfall?

A

n/a

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14
Q

What is daily total sunshine measured in?

A

Nearest tenth of an hour (of bright sunshine)

Example sentence: Daily total sunshine is measured in hours.

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15
Q

What would be seen if no data was available for daily total sunshine?

A

n/a

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16
Q

What is daily maximum relative humidity a measure of?

A

How close the air is to being saturated with water vapour.

Example sentence: Daily maximum relative humidity indicates the saturation level of the air.

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17
Q

What is a relative humidity of 95% and above associated with?

A

Mist and fog.

Example sentence: Relative humidity above 95% is linked to mist and fog.

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18
Q

What would be seen if no data was available for daily maximum relative humidity?

A

n/a

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19
Q

What are wind speeds measured in?

A

Knots - unit of speed equal to one nautical mile per hour

Example sentence: Wind speeds are measured in knots.

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20
Q

What is one knot approximately equal to, in mph?

A

1.15 (mph)

Example sentence: One knot is roughly equivalent to 1.15 mph.

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21
Q

To how many degrees is the daily mean wind direction rounded?

A

(To the nearest) 10 (degrees)

Example sentence: The daily mean wind direction is rounded to the nearest 10 degrees.

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22
Q

What is the daily maximum gust direction?

A

The direction from which the wind was blowing during the maximum gust

Example sentence: The daily maximum gust direction indicates the wind’s direction during the strongest gust.

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23
Q

What is the daily maximum gust speed?

A

The highest instantaneous speed which occurred during the 24 hours on the date given

Example sentence: The daily maximum gust speed is the highest wind speed recorded within 24 hours.

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24
Q

What other type of direction is given for wind speeds?

A

Cardinal (compass) direction and bearings

Example sentence: Wind speeds are also provided in cardinal directions and bearings.

25
Q

What would be seen if no data was available for wind speeds?

A

n/a

26
Q

What is the name of the unit in which cloud cover is measured in?

A

Oktas

Example sentence: Cloud cover is measured in Oktas.

27
Q

How much is an Okta?

A

One eighth

Example sentence: An Okta represents one eighth of the sky covered by clouds.

28
Q

What is cloud cover?

A

The fraction of the celestial dome covered by cloud

Example sentence: Cloud cover represents the portion of the sky obscured by clouds.

29
Q

How would visibility be defined at daytime?

A

The greatest distance at which an object can be seen and recognised in daylight

Example sentence: Visibility during the day is the maximum distance at which objects are visible under daylight conditions.

30
Q

How would visibility be defined at nighttime?

A

The greatest distance at which an object can be seen and recognised if the general illumination were raised to daylight level

Example sentence: Nighttime visibility is the distance at which objects could be recognized under daylight-level illumination.

31
Q

In which direction is visibility measured?

A

Horizontally

Example sentence: Visibility is measured horizontally.

32
Q

What is visibility measured in?

A

Decametres

Example sentence: Visibility is measured in decametres.

33
Q

What would be seen if no data was available for visibility?

A

-

34
Q

From what level is the mean sea level pressure calculated?

A

Station level

Example sentence: Mean sea level pressure is calculated from the station level.

35
Q

What was previously used as the unit of pressure?

A

Millibars

Example sentence: Millibars were previously used as the unit of pressure.

36
Q

Which SI unit is currently used as the unit of pressure?

A

Hectopascals

Example sentence: Hectopascals are currently used as the unit of pressure.

37
Q

What is one hectopascal equal to?

A

One millibar

Example sentence: One hectopascal is equivalent to one millibar.

38
Q

Describe how air temperature is measured

A

By thermometers in a louvered screen 1.25 metres above short grass

Example sentence: Air temperature is measured using thermometers positioned in a specific way.

39
Q

What are the exceptions to how air temperature and humidity is measured?

A

At some Weather Centre’s and Climate Data Logger stations from a non-standard roof top exposure

Example sentence: In certain cases, air temperature and humidity may be measured differently.

40
Q

In British Summer Time, when do the 24 hour measuring periods start?

A

10:00

Example sentence: During British Summer Time, the 24-hour measuring periods begin at 10:00.

41
Q

Daily Total Rainfall also includes

A

solid precipitation which is melted

Example sentence: Daily total rainfall accounts for both liquid and solid precipitation.

42
Q

What device measures visibility,?

A

Visiometer

Example sentence: Visibility is measured using a visiometer.

43
Q

Windspeed is measured from what time, over…?

A

00:00 GMT, 24 hours

Example sentence: Wind speed is measured starting from 00:00 GMT over a 24-hour period.

44
Q

What are the categories for the Beaufort scale corresponding to 0, 1-3, 4 and 5 respectively?

A

Calm, Light, Moderate, Fresh

Example sentence: The Beaufort scale categories for windspeeds.

45
Q

Give the range of windspeeds, in knots, for calm, light, moderate and fresh speeds respectively.

A

<1, 1-10, 11-16, 17-21

Example sentence: The range of windspeeds for each Beaufort scale category.

46
Q

What are the only data recorded in overseas stations?

A

Daily mean: rainfall, temperature, pressure, windspeed

Example sentence: The specific data collected at overseas stations.

47
Q

Coastal locations are typically

A

windier

Example sentence: Coastal locations experience higher wind speeds.

48
Q

Northern locations are typically

A

colder

Example sentence: Northern regions generally have lower temperatures.

49
Q

What should tr be taken as when calculating a mean?

A

0

Example sentence: tr should be taken as 0 when calculating a mean

50
Q

What units are used to measure Daily Total Sunshine?

A

Recorded to nearest 1/10 of an hour

Shows the amount of bright sunshine recorded on the day of entry
Measured by an instrument that measures the amount of solar radiation exceeding a threshold

51
Q

What does Daily Maximum Relative Humidity measure?

A

% of air saturation with water vapour

A measure of how close the air is to being saturated with water vapour
Relative humidities of above 95% are associated with mist and fog

52
Q

How is Daily Mean Windspeed measured?

A

Knots (nautical miles per hour) / kn

Averaged over the 24 hours from 0000GMT on the date given
Also given on Beaufort Scale
Also listed as cardinal directions for UK locations

53
Q

What are the Beaufort Scale Wind Speed Categories?

A

0 = Calm
1-3 = Light air / breeze
4 = Moderate
5 = Fresh
6 = Strong breeze
7 = Near gale
8 = Gale
9 = Strong gale
10 = Storm
11 = Violent storm
12 = Hurricane

None

54
Q

How is Daily Maximum Gust measured?

A

Knots (nautical miles per hour) / kn

Maximum instantaneous speed
Occurs during 24 hours from 0000GMT on the date given

55
Q

What units are used to measure Cloud Cover?

A

Eighths / Oktas

Fraction of the celestial dome (sky) covered by cloud.

56
Q

How is Visibility measured?

A

Decametres / Dm

Greatest horizontal distance at which an object can be seen and recognised in daylight
Measured using visiometer at automatic sites/observers at manual stations/non-standard roof top exposure.

57
Q

What units are used to measure Mean Pressure?

A

In hectopascals (hPa)

Mean sea level pressure
Calculated from a measurement made at station level
One hectopascal (hPa) = 1 millibar (mb).

58
Q

What is the typical value range for Pressure?

A

988-1038 hPa

None

59
Q

What is the issue with a Small Sample from One Location in Each Country?

A

Doesn’t provide enough evidence to prove statements

None

Applied Edexcel Mathematics (6 decks)

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