1.5) Structure of the Genome

Question 1

• What is the definition of the genome?

Answer 1

• The genome of an organism
  ➞ is its entire hereditary information encoded in DNA.

Question 2

• What is the structure of the genome made up?

Answer 2

• A gene
  ➞ is a sequence of DNA that codes for a protein.
• The genome
  ➞ is made up of genes (2% of genome) and other DNA sequences that do not code for proteins.
• Most of the eukaryotic genome
  ➞ is made up of these non-coding sequences.

Question 3

• What are non-coding sequences and what are there functions?

Answer 3

• The non-coding regions of the genome
  ➞ are often DNA sequences that are repeated thousands of times over.
• FUNCTIONS:
  ➞ 1.) Regulation of Transcription
  ↳ (related to RNA polymerase)
  ➞ 2.) Transcription of Non-Translated RNA
  ↳ (tRNA and rRNA)
• Some non-coding regions
  ➞ have no known function.