1.5 - structure of the genome

Question 1

What is meant by the genome?

Answer 1

An organisms entire hereditary information encoded within its DNA.

Question 2

What is meant by a coding region of the genome?

Answer 2

A region of DNA that is translated.

Question 3

What is meant by a non-coding region of the genome?

Answer 3

It does not code for protein.

Question 4

What are the known functions of the non-coding regions?

Answer 4

Regulate transcription or are transcribed but not translated.

Question 5

What are most of eukaryotes genomes consisted of?

Answer 5

Non-coding sequences.

Question 6

What is an example of non-translated forms of RNA?

Answer 6

tRNA and rRNA.

Question 7

What is meant by transcription?

Answer 7

Sequence of DNA is copied to make RNA molecule.

Question 8

What is meant by translation?

Answer 8

Sequence of mRNA used to create protein.

Question 9

What is the function of rRNA?

Answer 9

Combines with protein to form the ribosome.

Question 10

What is the function of tRNA?

Answer 10

Carries a specific amino acid and has an anticodon which is complementary to a codon on mRNA.

Question 11

Is all of the genome found in the nucleus of eukaryotes?

Answer 11

No, also in mitochondria or chloroplasts