15. Skyscraper

Question 1

The first use of iron columns in the exterior of a skyscraper was the _______________.

Answer 1

Shillito’s Department Store

Question 2

_______________ was the leading figure in the first Chicago School, who was responsible for the design of more skyscrapers than the rest of the school’s figures combined.

Answer 2

Root

Question 3

List three major architectural firms of the Chicago School that were in practice from 1881-1891.

Answer 3

• Adler & Sullivan
• Burnham & Root
• Holabird & Roche

Question 4

Draw a “Chicago window.”

Answer 4

.

Question 5

What was the primary reason for the lack of ornament in the Montauk and Monadnock Blocks?

Answer 5

Office buildings meant to be functional, not corporate headquarters with lots of money, would just get covered by Chicago grime anyway

Question 6

The architect who was the first to be granted a U.S. patent for iron framing in skyscrapers was:

Answer 6

Buffington

Question 7

The atrium skylight in the Masonic Temple was located at the ______________.

Answer 7

21st story, center of building, double loaded corridor

Question 8

The model for the design of the elevations of the First Leiter Building was ______________.

Answer 8

Shillito’s Department Store

Question 9

If Chicago cannot claim to have been the birthplace of the iron frame, what technical achievement central to the evolution of the skyscraper can it call its own?

Answer 9

Bringing iron back to exterior, developing lightweight fireproofing system

Question 10

What does Larson credit Root with having pioneered in the design of the elevations of the Monadnock and Masonic Temple?

Answer 10

Monadnock: bearing wall

Masonic Temple: iron skeletal frame

Question 11

Is Sullivan’s design of the Wainright Building’s elevations honest? Why?

Answer 11

No, unnecessary heavy corner piers, doesn’t express true structural integrity

Question 12

The leading figure of the Chicago School was ______________.

Answer 12

Root

Question 13

List three conceptual ways to design the elevation of a skeletal-framed skyscraper based on rational factors:

Answer 13

• Empasize “cage” of structure
• Vertical emphasis (columns)
• Horizontal emphasis (windows/floors)

Question 14

What two skyscrapers represent Root’s ultimate achievement of using the building’s structural system as the primary basis for the design of a skyscraper’s elevation

Answer 14

• Monadnock

- Masonic Temple

Question 15

The construction technique of the exterior of the Tacoma Building was first used in the _____________.

Answer 15

Home Insurance Building

Question 16

The tallest atrium constructed in the 19th Century was in the ________________.

Answer 16

Masonic Temple

Question 17

The tallest building erected in Chicago during the First Chicago School was the ________________.

Answer 17

Masonic Temple

Question 18

Following his dictum “Form follows Function,” Sullivan designed all the exterior columns in the Wainwright Building as ________________ elements.

Answer 18

vertical

Question 19

The tallest atrium designed by Root was in the __________________.

Answer 19

Masonic Temple

Question 20

What building in Chicago was almost a direct copy of the Shillito’s Store? Who was its architect?

Answer 20

First Leiter Building, Jenney

Question 21

The first exterior use of the Rookery atrium’s hung-masonry curtain wall was on the _____________. Who was its architect?

Answer 21

Tacoma Building, Holabird & Roche

Question 22

What two differences were there in Buffington’s patent that proves he was not influenced by the Home Insurance Building:

Answer 22

• Wrought iron plates riveted together

- Buffington’s masonry independent

Question 23

Sullivan’s best-remembered phrase was:

Answer 23

“Form follows function.”

Question 24

Draw a section of a Phoenix column and describe how it was fabricated.

Answer 24

.

Question 25

List three conceptual ways to design the elevation of a skeletal-framed skyscraper based on rational factors:

Answer 25

• Empasize “cage” of structure
• Vertical emphasis (columns)
• Horizontal emphasis (windows/floors)