15. quality contorl and process improvement Flashcards
How can cost of quality be tracked?
It is tracked on four lvels: external faliure costs internal failure costs appraisal or process cost prevention or planning costs
What are some quality measurement tools?
Statistical tools, case-and-effect diagrams
What are some statisitcal tools
Pareto analysis - identifies that 80% of problems are a result of 20% of the work performed. This chart identifies and orders the drivers of poor quality, and then attacks the largest first.
What does statistical process control mean>
Focus on inputs and process within a system
What does stastistical quality control mean
focus is on the outputs of the system
What does process capacbility analysis mean?
An analysis tool that discovers the mean and standard deviation of the process
What does control charts do?
A graphical tool used to monitor a process.
What are some non-statistical tools?
Cause-and effect dragrams (fish bones)
Check sheets
What are some process improvement tools
Lean management - cutting non0value added tasks:
just-in-time management system
activity analysis
zero-defect approach
What is just-in-time management system?
Plan to deliver products and services as customers demand them. - this produces only what is required at the right amount and right time.
Saves on stock levels, inventory, and associated csots and stresses quality.
What is an activity analysis?
Making a good or service invovles a sequence of activities that add value to that product or service - includes set-up of production equipment of assembly of a product.
Within each activity, they try to remove any portion taht does not add value - wastes.
Activites are divideded into the following:
processing - any activity that adds value means that it enahances customer perception
moving - any activity that involes the physical movement of resources
storing - any waiting and holding to work that does not result in value to the customer
inspecting -0 verfication that the quality of the good or service is to standard.
What is the zero-defect approach
Forbids mistakes to be passed on and has 3 main csots related to defects are:
inspecting - verification that the quality of goods or service is to standard
internal failure - defects identified by organization
exterrnal failure - defects identified by the customer
What is siz sigma
they have the same goals as lean management, however, it doesn’t just look at processsing value and nonvalue activites, but in all processes.
What is supply chain management
Another way to improve procsesses is to ensure that the raw material that is coming thorugh is already of quality and delivered in a timely mannner
You can focus on the 4 aeras: logistics procurement opreations management information technology
What is totoal quality mangement?
process of controlling product quality from its raw material stage up to finished goods. Some features that are common:
quality is continous process
quality encompasses not only products, but people, processes and services.
quality initiatives are designed to meet and exceed csutomer expectations.
There are 8 cor eprincipoles: customer focus executive leadership people inolvement process approach systems approach continous improvement factual apprach in decision making supplier relationships
