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Block2 > 15 Posterior Body Wall, Diaphragm > Flashcards

15 Posterior Body Wall, Diaphragm Flashcards

1
Q

Kidney embryology

A

intermediate mesoderm

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2
Q

3 development stages of kidney

A

Pronephric - useless
Mesonephric - forms ureteric bud which gives rise to collecting system of kidney
metanephric - develop into adult kidney. 5th week

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3
Q

Kidney vs gonads

A

gonads descend during development

kidney ascent from lower lumbar/sacral region

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4
Q

location of kidney

A

T12 - L3

Right is lower

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5
Q

kidney is retroperitoneal?

A

lies retroperitoneally in mass of perirenal fat ensheated by renal fascia.

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6
Q

renal fascia attachement

A

superior - diaphragm
posterior - psoa muscle
medial - inferior venacava, aorta
inferior - ureter

reason kidney infection spread to pelvis

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7
Q

anterior branch of renal artery

A

apical
upper
middle
inferior

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8
Q

posterior branch of renal artery

A

supply middle

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9
Q

accessory renal artery

A

form from aorta as kidney ascends, can obstruct ureter

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10
Q

innervation of kidney

A

sympathetic, little or no parasympathetic

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11
Q

ureter is retroperitoneal tube

A

retroperitoneal

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12
Q

ureter is constricted where

A
  1. transition from pelvis to ureter
  2. pelvic inlet where it crosses the iliac vessels
  3. entry to the urinary bladder

KIDNEY STONE LODGE

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13
Q

suprarenal gland embryology

A

cortex - mesoderm

medullar - ectoderm

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14
Q

suprarenal gland cortex

A

produce sterord hormone (Cortisol)

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15
Q

suprarenal gland medulla

A

receive preganglionic sympahtetic fiber from sympathetic trunk via greater splanchnic nerve -> secret catecholamines

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16
Q

venous of suprarenal

A

right suprarenal vein goes to superior vena cava

left suprarenal vein goes to left renal vein

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17
Q

diaphragem embryology

A
  1. septum tarnsversum
  2. pleuroperitoneal membrane
  3. mesentery of esophagus
  4. muscular components
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18
Q

attachement of diaphragm

A

sternal - syphoid process
costal - internal surface of lower 6 ribs and costal cartilage
lumbar part - arise from lumbar vertebra by right and left crura which attach to upper 2 lumbar vertebrae and surround aorta
central tendon of diaphragm - fused to inferior surface of fibrous pericardium

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19
Q

sensory of peripheral diaphragm

A

intercostal nerves

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20
Q

median arcuate ligament

A

unite crura opposite the disc of T12 and L1

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21
Q

medial arcuate ligament

A

crura of diaphragm to transverse process of L1

22
Q

lateral arcuate ligament

A

transverse process of L1 to 12th rib

Superior to this ligament lies vertebrocostal triangle

23
Q

Vertebrocostal triangle

A

above lateral arcuate ligament, so thin that it produce herination.

24
Q

apertures of diaphragm

A

inferior vena cava - central tendon T8
esophageal hiatus - anterior/posterior vagal trunks T10
aortic hiatus,thoracic duct, T12

25
Q

arterial supply to diaphragm

A

thoracic/superior surface of diaphragm is supplied by thoracic aorta, musculophrenic, pericardiophrenic from internal thoracic a.
abdominal/inferior surface is supplied by inferior phrenic a from abdominal aorta.

26
Q

Kidney contact area in posterior

A

1/3 transversaris abdominis
2/3 quadratus lumbarum
3/3 psoas major

27
Q

psoas attachment

A

transverse processes of lumbar vertebra
body and discs of T12-T5

lesser trochanter of femur

28
Q

psoas innervation

A

ventral branches of lumbar n.

29
Q

iliacus attachment

A

iliac fossa,iliac crest,anterior sacroiliac ligaments

lesser trochanter of femur

30
Q

iliacus innervation

A

femoral nerve

31
Q

quadratus lumborum

A

12th rib/lumbar transverse process
iliolumbar ligament,internal hip of iliac crest

extends/laterally flex vertebral column, fixed 12th rib during inspiration

ventral branch of T12, L1-4

32
Q

iliohypogastric n supply

A

sensory for skin over buttocks, anterior abdominal wall above pubic symphysis.
Motor to transversus abdominis, internal oblique m. (pen)

33
Q

ilioinguinal n. supply

A

sensory - supply groin, scrotum, labia majora

Motor - transversus abdominis, internal oblique m. (pen)

34
Q

genitofemoral n. supply

A

Genital - cremaster muscle,scrotum in male, labia majora in females
Femoral - sensory to skin of femoral triangle

35
Q

lateral femoral cutaneous n. supply

A

skin over anterior/lateral parts of thigh

36
Q

femoral n. supply

A

iliacus,anterior compartment of thigh

37
Q

obsturator n.

A

adductor muscles of thigh

38
Q

celiac plexus

A

surround celiac artery

innervates stomach, liver, pancreas, gall bladder, spleen, part of duodenum, foregut

39
Q

superior mesenteric plexus

A

surround superior mesentery a.

duodenum, remaining small intestine, large intestine to peoximal 2/3 of trans. colon, innervates midgut.

40
Q

inferior mesenteric plexus

A

1/3 of transverse colon, remaining large intestine and rectum, innervates hindgut

41
Q

greater splanchnic n.

A

T6-9
preganglionic fiber synapse in celiac ganglia -> postganglionic fibers to forgot.

Exception
pregang go to adrenal medulla. no postgang

42
Q

lesser splanchnic n.

A

T10-11

pregang from this synapse in aorticorenal ganglia -> supply kidney

43
Q

least splanchnic n.

A

T12
pregang terminate in aorticorenal gang and on unnamed gang around kidney within the renal plexus.

supply renal a. and ureter

44
Q

Lumbar splanchnic n.

A

L1,2
Pregang sympathetic synapse in inferior mesenteric gang.
all of them sit on abdominal aorta

45
Q

vagus

A

parasympathetic

supply all abdominal viscera upto and including prooximal 2/3 of transverse colon

46
Q

pelvic splanchninc

A

S2,3,4
parasympathetic
supply inferior mesenteric plexus
1/3 distal transverse colon, remaining large intestine, rectum, pelvic organs

47
Q

referred visceral pain

A

same segment of spinal cord which received visceral sensory fibers.
diaphragm -> dermatome C3,C4,C5
heart -> C8-T5
stomach -> T6-T9

48
Q

visceral lymph nodes

A

from abdominal viscera drain into nodes situated along unpaired visceral branch of aorta

49
Q

lumbar lymph node

A

receive drainage from kidney, testes, ovaries, posterior body wall, lower limbs through common iliac lymph nodes. efferent vessel unite to form the right and left lumbar trunks

50
Q

cisterna chyli

A

visceral lymphnodes, lumbar trunks unite here and form thoracic duct

Block2 (9 decks)

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