1.5- Jan 13 Flashcards
define the tree of life
a family tree of organisms that describe the genealogical relationships among species with a single ancestral species at its base
define phylogeny
the actual genealogical relationships among all organisms
are phylogenies always built using sequence data?
no, can be built on other things (trees)
what is a phylogenetic tree used for
- to show relationships between species
- branches that share a recent common ancestor rep. closely related species
- branches that do not share recent common ancestor are distantly related
universal tree or tree of life
- includes diverse array of species
what is the universal tree’s main node
the common ancestor of all living species
(LUCA= last universal common ancestor)
can one species be more primitive than another species?
no, because they are both alive at the same time
what are the three major groups of organisms
- eukarya
- bacteria
- archaea
true or false?
fungi and animals are more closely related to each other than either is to plants
true!
define taxonomy
the effort to name and classify organisms
what is a taxon
a named group
what is a domain
new taxonomic level
consisting of:
- bacteria
- archaea
- eukarya
define phylum
a major lineage within a domain
define genus
made up closely related group of species
define species
made up of individuals that regularly breed together or have characteristics that are distinct from those of other species