1.4.2 Data Structures Flashcards
What is an array?
An ordered, finite set of elements of a single type.
What type of array is a linear array?
A one dimensional array.
How do you visualise a two dimensional array?
You can visualise it as a spreadsheet/table.
How do you visualise a three dimensional array?
A three dimensional array can be visualised as a multi-page spreadsheet.
What is a record also known as?
A row in a file.
What is a record made up of?
A record is made up of files.
How can you identify a field from a record using programming?
recordName.fieldName
What is the definition of a list?
A data structure consisting of a number of items, where the items can occur more than once.
Where are the main differences between arrays and lists?
- Lists can store data non-continuously whereas arrays store data in order,
- Lists can store data of more than one data type.
What is a tuple?
An immutable, ordered set of values of any type.
What is the difference between a tuple and an array?
Tuple are initialised using regular brackets instead of square brackets.
What is a stack?
A last in first out data structure, where items can only be removed from and added to the top of the list.
Give an example of where stacks may be used.
- Back button in a web page,
- Undo buttons.
What is a queue?
A first in first out data structure, where items are added to the end of the queue and remove from the front of the queue.
Stacks:
What does the operation isEmpty() do?
Checks to see if the stack is empty.
Stacks:
What does the operation push(value) do?
Adds a new value to the top of the stack.
Stacks:
What does the operation peek() do?
Returns the top value of the stack without removing it.
Stacks:
What does the operation pop() do?
Returns and removes the value at the top of the stack.
Stacks:
What does the operation size() do?
It returns the size of the stack.
Stacks:
What does the operation isFull() do?
Checks to see if the stack is full.
Queues:
What does the operation enQueue(value) do?
Adds the value to the end of the queue.
Queues:
What does the operation deQueue() do?
Removes the item from the end of the queue.
Queues:
What does the operation isEmpty() do?
It checks to see if the queue is empty.
Queues:
What does the operation isFull() do?
Checks to see if the queue is full.
