14.2 Anatomy- Surgical anatomy of the abdomen

Question 1

What is the most common hiatus hernia? What can it be associated with?

Answer 1

Sliding hiatus hernia

Sometimes: reflux symptoms

Question 2

What is a less common hiatus hernia? What can it be associated with?

Answer 2

‘Rolling’ paraeosophageal hiatus hernia

Gastric volvulus

Question 3

What is the standard operation for ulcers (or gastric cancer)?

Answer 3

Partial gastrectomy (or gastrectomy)

Question 4

What is Achalasia?

Answer 4

A condition where the sphincter remains closed due to the failure of smooth muscles to relax

Question 5

What does the Sphincter of Oddi control (& where is it located)?

Answer 5

Pancreatic and bile secretions into second part of duodenum

Question 6

What is the relationship between the vessels of the portal triad?

Answer 6

Portal vein: posterior
Common bile duct: lateral
Hepatic artery: medial

Question 7

What does creating an ileal pouch involve?

Answer 7

Create new resevoir/rectum from ileal pouch (ileum)

Question 8

What is the most common reason for a colon operation?

Answer 8

Colorectal cancer

Question 9

What is an anterior resection?

Answer 9

Taking the rectum out from anterior

Question 10

What is a volvulus?

Answer 10

A twist (esp. loop of bowel/mesentery)

Question 11

What is a hernia?

Answer 11

Musculofascial defect in abdominal wall

Question 12

Ventral hernias often occur in patients that…

Answer 12

have had previous surgery

Question 13

Inguinal and femoral herniae: which are more common in M/F?

Answer 13

Inguinal: direct/indirect esp. men
Femoral: high risk, more common: women

Question 14

Where does the posterior rectus sheath disappear?

Answer 14

Below the arcuate line