1.4.2 / 1.5 Flashcards
What is an array?
An ordered, finite set of elements of a single data type
How would you implement a 1D array?
Array = [1, 2, 3 , 4 , 5, 6]
What would be the result of this code:
Array = [1,2,3,4,5,6]
print( Array[2])
3
How would you implement a 2D array?
Array = [[1,2,3,4,5,6],[7,8,9,10,11,12]]
What is a record?
A row of a file which is made up of fields
How would you implement a record for a table : Fighters?
FighterDataType= record
Integer ID
String FirstName
String LastName
end record
What is a list?
Consists of a number of ordered items of any data type and items can occur more than once
What is a tuple?
An imutable ordered set of values of any data type
What is a linked list?
A dynamic data structure used to hold an ordered sequence
What are the disadvantages of a linked list?
- Nodes aren’t removed, just ignored
- No direct access to nodes
What is a graph?
A set of vertices/nodes connected by edges/arcs
What are the 3 types of graph?
- Weighted
- Directed
- Undirected
What is a hash table?
An array couples with a hash function
What is the data protection act?
An act which applies to data kept on both computers and in organised filing systems.
Protects personal data
What are the 8 laws covered in the data protection act?
1 - Data should only be kept for as long as necessary
2 - Data shall be processed fairly
3 - Data shall only be kept for one specified purpose
4 - Data shall be adequate, relevant and nor excessive
5 - Plans should be put in place to protect data
6 - data shall be kept up to date where possible
7 - Data subject has right to request data held about them
8 - Data shall not leave the EU unless the country as sufficient data protection
What is the computer misuse act?
Prevents malicious use of computers
What are the 3 offences of the computer misuse act?
1 - Unauthorised access to computer materials
2 - Unauthorised access to computer materials with the intent to commit further crimes
3 - Unauthorised modification of computer materials
What is the copyright, designs and patents act?
An act which automatically protect any original ideas and peoples property online
What is the regulatory and investigatory powers act?
Covers investigation. surveillance and interception of communication by public bodies.
Forces internet service providers and mobile phone companies to give up info upon request
What is ethics?
Our values as a community and how these impact different groups of people in society
What are morals?
Our personal values and how we choose to behave
What are some of the advantages of computers in the workplace?
- Improved efficiency
- Reduced manufacturing/delivery times
- Reduced costs
- Reduced strain on workers
- New jobs created
What are some disadvantages of computers in the workplace?
- Structural unemployment
- High dependence on them
- Reduced human touch
What are some of the advantages of automated decision making?
- Improved efficiency
- Can be used for social media feeds
- Can make decisions quick
What are some disadvantages of automated decision making?
- People could be treated unfairly
- Creates a ‘bubble’ and close minded society
What is AI?
The ability of a computer to replicate human intelligence, cognitive ability and grasp of abstract concepts
What are some advantages of AI?
- Can be used in medical research
- Helps solve problems
What are expert systems?
Computers replicate the knowledge and experience of an expert in a particular field
What are some of the advantages on the environment of computers?
- Smart home systems
- Used to find greener methods
- Reduce waste
What are some disadvantages of computers on the environment?
- Shipped to third world countries with lower environmental standards
- contain harmful chemicals
- lots of electricity used to power devices
What are some advantages of censorship?
- Necessary for national security
- Reduces distractions at work
What are some disadvantages of censorship?
- Can be used to push political views
- Should government have that much control?
What are the advantages of using computers to monitor behaviour?
- Reduced crime/ improved security
- Can monitor productivity at work
What are the disadvantages of monitoring behaviour?
- Reduced freedom/privacy
What are the advantages of using computers to analyse data?
- Can reveal insights into behaviour
- Can be used to find solutions to problems
What are the disadvantages of using computers to analyse personal data?
- Can be used against the subject (EG life insurance)
- Can be used to target propoganda/advertising
What is big data?
A large collection of data from multiple sources
What is data mining?
The analysis of big data to find patterns
