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COMP SCI > 1.3.3 > Flashcards

1.3.3 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a network?

A

2 or more computers connected with the ability to transmit data between each other

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2
Q

What is a WAN?

A

A network which covers a large geographical area

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3
Q

What is a LAN?

A

A network which spans a small geographical location

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4
Q

What is a physical topology?

A

The physical layout of the wires/components which form the network

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5
Q

What is a logical topology?

A

The layout of how data flows in the network

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6
Q

What are the advantages of a bus topology?

A
  • cheap
  • doesn’t require additional hardware
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7
Q

What are the disadvantages of a bud topology?

A
  • if backbone fails the network fails
  • high traffic reduces performance
  • all computers see data transmission
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8
Q

What are the advantages of a star topology?

A
  • performance is consistent
  • if a cable fails only that terminal is affected
  • transmits data faster
  • easy to add new stations
  • no collisions
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9
Q

What are the disadvantages of star topology?

A
  • if the server fails the network fails
  • expensive
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10
Q

What are the advantages of mesh topology?

A
  • No cables needed if wireless
  • high traffic results in high reliability
  • high speed
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11
Q

What are the disadvantages of mesh topology?

A
  • Expensive if wired
  • difficult to maintain
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12
Q

What is a protocol?

A

A set of rules defining how computers are to interact with each other

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13
Q

What are the 4 components of the TCP/IP stack?

A
  • application layer
  • transport layer
  • network layer
  • link layer
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14
Q

What does the application layer do?

A

Specifies which protocol is needed depending on the application

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15
Q

What does the transport layer do?

A
  • Uses TCP to establish an end-to-end connection
  • splits data up into packets and labels these with the packet number, total number of packets and a port number
  • if any packets are lost the transport layer requests retransmission of these
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16
Q

What does the network layer do?

A
  • adds the source/destination IP addresses
17
Q

What does the link later do?

A
  • adds the MAC and NIC addresses
18
Q

What is the DNS?

A

Used to name and organise internet resources

19
Q

What is pocket switching?

A

Data is transmitted across a network using packets

20
Q

What are the advantages of using packet switching?

A
  • data can be sent across multiple routes
  • multiple methods to ensure data arrives intact
  • data can be send across very large networks
21
Q

What are the disadvantages of using packet switching?

A
  • time is spent constructing and deconstructing the packets
  • must wait for all packets to arrive
22
Q

What is circuit switching?

A

An end to end connection is made between the source and destination computer and is maintained throughout the conversation

23
Q

What are the advantages of circuit switching?

A
  • data arrives in logical order which results in faster reconstruction
  • enables two users to hold a call without a speech delay
24
Q

What are the disadvantages of using circuit switching?

A
  • bandwidth is wasted while data isn’t being sent
  • devices must send/ receive data at the same rate
25
Q

What is a firewall?

A

A device designed to monitor and filter access to a network

26
Q

What is a proxy?

A

Acts as an intermediary sending and receiving data on behalf of the user

27
Q

What are the advantages of using a proxy?

A
  • user remains anonymous
  • can reduce traffic
  • caches frequently used websites
  • can be used by administrators to limit access
28
Q

What is a network interface card?

A

A NIC assigns a unique MAC address to a device and is required to connect a device to a network

29
Q

What is a switch?

A

As with is a devise used to control the flow of data across a network

30
Q

What is a wireless access point?

A

A WAP allows a device to connect to a network and is often paired with a Router to enable internet access

31
Q

What is a router?

A

A device which connects two or more networks together

32
Q

What is a gateway?

A

A device which translates protocols when the are not the dame

33
Q

What is a client server network?

A
  • consists of clients connected to a central server
  • sever holds all info and resources
  • clients request use of server
34
Q

What are the advantages of a client server system?

A
  • more secure
  • no need for individual backups
  • data/ resources can be shared easily
35
Q

What are the disadvantages of a client server network?

A
  • expensive
  • requires specialist staff to maintain server
  • if server fails, network fails
36
Q

What is a peer to peer network?

A

The computers are connected to each other without a server

37
Q

What are the advantages of a peer-to-peer network?

A
  • cheap
  • easy to maintain
  • not dependent on server
  • no specialist staff required
38
Q

What are the disadvantages of a peer-to-peer network?

A
  • impossible to race origin of files
  • backups performed locally
  • poor security

COMP SCI (12 decks)

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