14.1- Properties of Alcohols Flashcards
What functional group do alcohols contain?
-OH, Hydroxyl
What is the general formula of alcohols?
Cn H2n+1 OH
What is a polyhydric alcohol?
An alcohol that contains more than one OH group.
Why do alcohols have higher boiling points than alkanes?
Polar molecules (contain polar OH bond)
Can form stronger hydrogen bonds between molecules
Require more energy to overcome.
What has a higher water solubility? Alcohols or Alkanes?
Alcohols
Does the -OH group in alcohols form hydrogen bonds with water?
Yes
Can the non polar hydrocarbon chain form hydrogen bonds with water?
No
What is the trend in the solubility of alcohols in water?
The solubility of the alcohol in water decreases as the hydrocarbon chain gets larger.
What is viscosity?
A measure of a fluids resistance to flow.
What happens to viscosity as the number of OH groups increases?
It increases.
What are the 3 classes of alcohols?
primary, secondary, tertiary
What class is an alcohol if the OH carbon is only directly joined to 1 other carbon?
primary
What class in an alcohol if the OH carbon is only directly joined to 2 other carbons?
secondary
What class is an alcohol if the OH carbon is directly joined to 3 other carbons?
Tertiary
