1.4.1 Data Types Flashcards
What are the 5 primitive data types?
- Real / Floating Point – Stores decimal numbers (3.141)
- Character - A single letter, number or special character (‘H’)
- String – A collection of characters (“Hello World”)
- Boolean – TRUE or FALSE
- Integer – A positive or negative whole number (24, -34)
What is casting?
The process of changing one data type into another.
What is a character set?
What are some examples?
- List of all the characters the computer can represent.
- Each character is represented by a unique binary value.
- Used to map binary values to characters.
- Examples: UNICODE and ASCII
Describe the ASCII character set
- ASCII is a character set which is a subset of UNICODE
- Uses 7 bits, or 8 bits for extended ASCII
- Fewer characters can be represented than UNICODE
- Characters from different languages cannot be represented in ASCII
Describe the UNICODE character set
- Each character is represented by 1-4 bytes.
- It supports a very large number of characters
- It is backwards compatible with ASCII
- Text using UNICODE rather than ASCII would take up more storage (roughly 4 times more)
Convert 177 to an unsigned 8-bit binary number
10110001
128+32+16+1 = 177
Convert the unsigned 8-bit binary number 10110010 to denary
128+32+16+2 = 178
Convert 188 to Hex
BC
Convert the hex FE to a denary number
11111111 = 254
Convery -49 to an 8-bit binary number using two’s complement
11001111
Convert 49 to an 8-bit binary number using two’s complement
00110001
Convert -49 to an 8-bit binary number using sign and magnitude
10110001
Add the following two binary numbers
01101010 + 00111111
10101001
Carries - 11111100
Subtract the following two binary numbers
00101111 - 00010111
00011000
An overflow should have occurred
Normalise
0001011000 001100
0101100000 001010
(Remove the two extra bits from the front of the mantissa and reduce the exponent value by 2)