14. Vertical Transport of Water

Question 1

cohesion-tension theory

Answer 1

a very large negative pressure (tension) is acting on water, pulling it up, similar to a syringe which creates negative pressure inside the plunge
water stays together and moves because it is cohesive, doesn’t split apart because of H bonds

Question 2

molecules generally move from ___ pressure to ___ pressure

Answer 2

high ; low

Question 3

how does water withstand so much pressure?

Answer 3

it is very cohesive, can form up to 4 H bonds so it has a high tensile strength, causing capillary action

Question 4

the ultimate energy source for water movement:

Answer 4

the sun

Question 5

3 factors that affect cell water potential

Answer 5

solutes, pressure, gravity

Question 6

cavitation

Answer 6

if a plant is too dry, it can exceed the strength of water and xylem, causing the water to split and an air bubble to form which breaks continuity of water column (embolism)

Question 7

hydraulic failure

Answer 7

enough cavitations form in a tree that it dies