1.4: Theories & Atomic Theories Flashcards
Define theoretical hypotheses
ideas untested or extremely tentative
Define theoretical definitions
general statements that characterize the nature of a substance or a process in terms of a non-observable idea
Define theories
comprehensive sets of ideas based on general principles that explain a large number of observations
Define analogies
comparisons that communicate an idea in more familiar or recognizable terms
Dalton’s theory
Small atoms make up stuff
Thomson’s atomic model
Raisin bun with electrons and protons
Rutherford’s atomic theory
atom composed of a nucleus, that contain positive charger (tinfoil, light test)
Define mass number
number of protons plus neutron in their nucleus
Define atomic number
how many protons in an atom of particular element
Bohr’s atomic theory
the periods determined by the amount of elements it takes to get there, in each period an element is an extra electron (period 1 = first energy level)
What does an electron do when a photon (light) is absorbed?
It jumps into a higher energy circle since it gained energy
Why are noble gases not reactive?
When they collide with one another they exchange electrons to create ions
Define ions
atoms with a charge
Define monatomic ions
single atoms that have gained or lost electrons
What elements does the ion rule not work for?
Hydrogen, transition metals, boron, carbon, and silicon
