1.4: Starch, glycogen and cellulose Flashcards
Starch is a polysaccharide that is found in many parts of a plant in the form of small grains.
Especially large amounts occur where?
Especially large amounts of starch occur in:
- Seeds
- Storage organs
Starch is a polysaccharide that is found in many parts of a plant in the form of small grains.
Especially large amounts occur in seeds and storage organs, such as what?
Especially large amounts of starch occur in:
- Seeds
- Storage organs, such as potato tubers
Starch is a polysaccharide that is found in many parts of a plant in the form of small grains.
Especially large amounts occur in seeds and storage organs, such as potato tubers.
Starch forms an important component of food and is the major energy source in most diets.
Starch is made up of chains of a-glucose monosaccharides linked by glycosidic bonds that are formed by condensation reactions.
The chains may be what?
The chains of a-glucose monosaccharides linked by glycosidic bonds may be:
- Branched
Or,
- Unbranched
Starch is a polysaccharide that is found in many parts of a plant in the form of small grains.
Especially large amounts occur in seeds and storage organs, such as potato tubers.
Starch forms an important component of food and is the major energy source in most diets.
Starch is made up of chains of a-glucose monosaccharides linked by glycosidic bonds that are formed by condensation reactions.
The chains may be branched or unbranched.
The unbranched chain is what?
The unbranched chain is wound into a tight coil that makes the molecule very compact
The main role of starch is what?
The main role of starch is energy storage
The main role of starch is energy storage, something its structure is what?
The main role of starch is energy storage, something its structure is especially suited for
The main role of starch is energy storage, something its structure is especially suited for, because:
- Starch is insoluble and therefore doesn’t what?
Starch:
- Is insoluble
- Therefore doesn’t affect water potential
The main role of starch is energy storage, something its structure is especially suited for, because:
- Starch is insoluble and therefore doesn’t affect water potential, so water is not what?
The main role of starch is energy storage, something its structure is especially suited for, because starch:
- Is insoluble
- Therefore doesn’t affect water potential
,so water is not drawn into the cells by osmosis
The main role of starch is energy storage, something its structure is especially suited for, because:
- Starch is insoluble and therefore doesn’t affect water potential, so water is not drawn into the cells by osmosis.
- Being large and insoluble, starch does not what?
The main role of starch is energy storage, something its structure is especially suited for, because being:
- Large
- Insoluble
,starch does not diffuse out of cells
The main role of starch is energy storage, something its structure is especially suited for, because:
- Starch is insoluble and therefore doesn’t affect water potential, so water is not drawn into the cells by osmosis.
- Being large and insoluble, starch does not diffuse out of cells.
- Starch is compact, so what?
The main role of starch is energy storage, something its structure is especially suited for, because starch is compact, so a lot of it can be stored in a small space
The main role of starch is energy storage, something its structure is especially suited for, because:
- Starch is insoluble and therefore doesn’t affect water potential, so water is not drawn into the cells by osmosis.
- Being large and insoluble, starch does not diffuse out of cells.
- Starch is compact, so a lot of it can be stored in a small space.
- When hydrolysed, starch forms what?
The main role of starch is energy storage, something its structure is especially suited for, because when hydrolysed, starch forms a-glucose
The main role of starch is energy storage, something its structure is especially suited for, because:
- Starch is insoluble and therefore doesn’t affect water potential, so water is not drawn into the cells by osmosis.
- Being large and insoluble, starch does not diffuse out of cells.
- Starch is compact, so a lot of it can be stored in a small space.
- When hydrolysed, starch forms a-glucose, which is both what?
The main role of starch is energy storage, something its structure is especially suited for, because when hydrolysed, starch forms a-glucose, which is both:
- Easily transported
- Readily used in respiration
The main role of starch is energy storage, something its structure is especially suited for, because:
- Starch is insoluble and therefore doesn’t affect water potential, so water is not drawn into the cells by osmosis.
- Being large and insoluble, starch does not diffuse out of cells.
- Starch is compact, so a lot of it can be stored in a small space.
- When hydrolysed, starch forms a-glucose, which is both easily transported and readily used in respiration.
- The branched form of starch has many what?
The main role of starch is energy storage, something its structure is especially suited for, because the branched form of starch has many ends
The main role of starch is energy storage, something its structure is especially suited for, because:
- Starch is insoluble and therefore doesn’t affect water potential, so water is not drawn into the cells by osmosis.
- Being large and insoluble, starch does not diffuse out of cells.
- Starch is compact, so a lot of it can be stored in a small space.
- When hydrolysed, starch forms a-glucose, which is both easily transported and readily used in respiration.
- The branched form of starch has many ends, each of which can be what?
The main role of starch is energy storage, something its structure is especially suited for, because the branched form of starch has many ends, each of which can be acted on by enzymes simultaneously
The main role of starch is energy storage, something its structure is especially suited for, because:
- Starch is insoluble and therefore doesn’t affect water potential, so water is not drawn into the cells by osmosis.
- Being large and insoluble, starch does not diffuse out of cells.
- Starch is compact, so a lot of it can be stored in a small space.
- When hydrolysed, starch forms a-glucose, which is both easily transported and readily used in respiration.
- The branched form of starch has many ends, each of which can be acted on by enzymes simultaneously, meaning that what?
The main role of starch is energy storage, something its structure is especially suited for, because the branched form of starch has many ends, each of which can be acted on by enzymes simultaneously, meaning that glucose monomers are released very rapidly
Starch is never found where?
Starch is never found in animal cells
Starch is never found in animal cells. Instead a similar what, called what, does what?
Instead a similar polysaccharide, called glycogen, serves the same role
Glycogen is found where?
Glycogen is found in:
- Animals
- Bacteria
Glycogen is found in animals and bacteria, but never where?
Glycogen is found in:
- Animals
- Bacteria
,but never in plant cells
Glycogen is found in animals and bacteria, but never in plant cells.
Glycogen is very similar in structure to starch, but what?
Glycogen is very similar in structure to starch, but:
- Has shorter chains
- Is more highly branched
Glycogen is found in animals and bacteria, but never in plant cells.
Glycogen is very similar in structure to starch, but has shorter chains and is more highly branched.
It is sometimes called ‘animal starch,’ because it is what?
Glycogen is sometimes called ‘animal starch,’ because it is the major carbohydrate storage product of animals
Glycogen is found in animals and bacteria, but never in plant cells.
Glycogen is very similar in structure to starch, but has shorter chains and is more highly branched.
It is sometimes called ‘animal starch,’ because it is the major carbohydrate storage product of animals.
In animals, glycogen is stored as what?
In animals, glycogen is stored as small granules
Glycogen is found in animals and bacteria, but never in plant cells.
Glycogen is very similar in structure to starch, but has shorter chains and is more highly branched.
It is sometimes called ‘animal starch,’ because it is the major carbohydrate storage product of animals.
In animals, glycogen is stored as small granules, mainly where?
In animals, glycogen is stored as small granules, mainly in the:
- Muscles
- Liver
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/269/219/615/a_image_thumb.png?1544467207)
Glycogen is found in animals and bacteria, but never in plant cells.
Glycogen is very similar in structure to starch, but has shorter chains and is more highly branched.
It is sometimes called ‘animal starch,’ because it is the major carbohydrate storage product of animals.
In animals, glycogen is stored as small granules, mainly in the muscles and the liver.
The mass of carbohydrate that is stored is what?
The mass of carbohydrate that is stored is relatively small
Glycogen is found in animals and bacteria, but never in plant cells.
Glycogen is very similar in structure to starch, but has shorter chains and is more highly branched.
It is sometimes called ‘animal starch,’ because it is the major carbohydrate storage product of animals.
In animals, glycogen is stored as small granules, mainly in the muscles and the liver.
The mass of carbohydrate that is stored is relatively small, because what?
The mass of carbohydrate that is stored is relatively small, because fat is the main storage molecule in animals
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/269/219/617/a_image_thumb.png?1544467633)
Glycogen’s structure is suited for storage, because:
- It is insoluble and therefore does not tend to do what?
Glycogen’s structure is suited for storage, because glycogen:
- Is insoluble
- Therefore does not tend to draw water into the cells by osmosis
Glycogen’s structure is suited for storage, because:
- It is insoluble and therefore does not tend to draw water into the cells by osmosis.
- Being insoluble, it does not do what?
Glycogen’s structure is suited for storage, because being insoluble, glycogen does not diffuse out of cells
Glycogen’s structure is suited for storage, because:
- It is insoluble and therefore does not tend to draw water into the cells by osmosis.
- Being insoluble, glycogen does not diffuse out of cells.
- It is compact, so what?
Glycogen’s structure is suited for storage, because glycogen is compact, so a lot of it can be stored in a small space