1.4 Normal Cartilage and Bone Flashcards
what are the three types of cartilage?
hyaline, elastic, fibrocartilage
sheath of dense CT outside cartilage that carries the blood vessels that supply nutrients to the cartilage
perichondrium
in the innermost layer of the __________ are the chondroblasts. what do they do?
perichondrium
secrete ECM
chondrocytes are ________ that have what?
chondroblasts, surrounded themselves with ECM
chondrocytes sit in _______
lacunae
cartilage resists tearing and compression because of these two molecules: ________ and ________
aggrecan and type 2 collagen
appositional growth: _____________
chondroblasts, cartilage expands at edges
interstitial growth: ____________
chondrocytes, cartilage expands from the middle
isogenous groups:
these are characteristic of what?
two or more chondrocytes occupying the same lacuna
growing cartilage
type of cartilage in:
costal cartilages, rings of upper airways, articulating surfaces of synovial joints
hyaline cartilage
what type of cartilage has no perichondrium? (2)
articular cartilage (type of hyaline) fibrocartilage
type of cartilage in:
pinna of ear and epiglottis
elastic
ECM of elastic cartilage:
type 2 collages, elastic fibers, aggrecan
ECM of fibrocartilage:
type 1 collagen fibers, type 2 collagen fibers, aggrecan
type of cartilage:
intervertebral disks, menisci of knee
fibrocartilage
aggrecan binds to _________ to form huge aggregates. attracts ________
hyaluronan
water
the _______ makes synovial fluid, which supplies nutrients to the ______________
synovium
articular cartilage
the synovium has _________________, allowing for easy infection
no tight junctions/basal lamina
synoviocytes look like an epithelium but what do they lack?
tight junctions and basal lamina
organic matrix component of bone:
what does it provide? (stability wise)
type 1 collagen
resists fracture
inorganic matrix component of bone:
what does it provide (stability wise)?
hydroxyapatite
stiffens bone, resists bending and compression
stem cells located in bone marrow and in periosteum. When stimulated by __________________ (___s), they become osteoblasts
osteoprogenitor cells
bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs)
cells that secrete the organic component of bone matrix (osteoid). where is this cell located?
osteoblasts
inner periosteum and endosteum
what cells sense and respond to mechanical forces on a bone to stimulate remodeling?
how do they get their nutrients?
osteocytes
extend long processes to make gap junctions with neighboring cells - run in canaliculi
new bone is laid down as ________ bone and is then remodeled into ________ bone
woven
lamellar
