14 Labors Response to Industrialism

Question 1

American Federation of Labor

Answer 1

a national labor organization, founded in 1886, that consisted mainly of skilled workers and focused on higher wages and shorter workdays

Question 2

anarchist

Answer 2

a person who rejects all forms of government

Question 3

child labor

Answer 3

the practice of using children as manual laborers

Question 4

collective bargaining

Answer 4

negotiations between employers and employees concerning wages, working conditions, and other terms of employment

Question 5

division of labor

Answer 5

a method in which factory production is divided into separate tasks, with one task assigned to each worker

Question 6

Haymarket Affair

Answer 6

a violent clash in 1886 between union supporters and Chicago police that divided and weakened the labor movement

Question 7

Homestead Strike

Answer 7

an 1892 Carnegie Steel plant workers’ strike that was broken by the state militia and resulted in the union being shut out of the plant for four decades

Question 8

labor union

Answer 8

a group of workers organized to protect the interests of its members

Question 9

Pullman Strike

Answer 9

an 1894 railway workers’ strike that was broken by federal troops, weakening the labor movement

Question 10

socialism

Answer 10

a political theory that advocates ownership of the means of production, such as factories and farms, by the people rather than by capitalists and landowners

Question 11

strike

Answer 11

a labor action in which workers refuse to go to work

Question 12

sweatshop

Answer 12

a small factory where employees work long hours under poor conditions for low wages

Question 13

tenement

Answer 13

a run-down apartment building