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Human Pathology And Immunology Sem 2 > 14 - Inflammation and Tissue Repair > Flashcards

14 - Inflammation and Tissue Repair Flashcards

1
Q

What is inflammation

A

Response of a vascularised tissue to injury

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2
Q

What are the 5 cardinal signs of acute inflammation

A

Rubor
Tumor
Calor
Dolor

Functio laesa

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3
Q

What is rubor

A

Redness

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4
Q

What is tumor

A

Swelling

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5
Q

What is calor

A

Heat

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6
Q

What is Dolor

A

Pain

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7
Q

What is functio laesa

A

Loss of function

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8
Q

Cellulitis is an acute skin infection commonly caused by what

A

Streptococcus pyogenes OR staphylococcus aureus

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9
Q

What is rubor/ redness due to

A

Dilation of small blood vessels

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10
Q

What is tumor/ swelling due to

A

Accumulation of fluid

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11
Q

What is calor/ heat due to

A

Increased blood flow

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12
Q

What is dolor/ pain due to

A

Stretching and distortion of tissues and due to bradykinin

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13
Q

What are the 2 types of inflammation starting with B and H

A

Beneficial and harmful

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14
Q

What are the 2 things involved in beneficial inflammation

A

Inflammation dilute/ destroy/ neutralise the offending agents- eg. destruction of invading microorganisms and the walling off of an abscess cavity, thus preventing spread of infection

Inflammation is followed by repair

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15
Q

What is involved in harmful ininflammation

A

Both the initial inflammatory reaction and the subsequent healing process can potentially cause harm in delicate tissues such as brain tissue

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16
Q

List the causes of inflammation

A

Infection
Trauma
Necrosis
Immune mediated
Toxin
Chemical

17
Q

In 3 simple steps list the process of inflammation

A

1) vasodilation and permeability of blood vessels increased

2) phagocyte migration and phagocytosis

3) tissue healing and repair

18
Q

Inflammation can be acute or chronic. Compare the both

A

Acute - short duration (days to few weeks)
Chronic - longer duration (weeks to years)

19
Q

What are the 4 steps of inflammatory response

A
  1. Damage to tissue and tissue infection
  2. Histamine release causes capilleries to dilate and leak protein rich fluid (exudate)
  3. Phagocytes migration that engulf bacteria and cell debris
  4. Platelets aggregate to seal the capilleries in the wound area
20
Q

What is the vascular reaction of cell migration

A

Vasodilation and increase vascular permeability

eg. margination

21
Q

What is the cellular reaction of inflammation

A

Cellular migration (diapedesis)

Eg chemotaxis

22
Q

What is chemotaxis

A

Movement of cells towards the site of inflammation in response to chemo tactic substances
Eg. Bacterial product, complement component C5a, leukotriene LTB4

Human Pathology And Immunology Sem 2 (5 decks)

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