14 Foam Equipment And Systems Flashcards
Liquid having a molecule where the positive and negative charges are permanently separated resulting in their ability to ionize in solution and create electrical conductivity. Water alcohol and sulfuric acid’s are all examples of this
Polar solvents
Foam extinguishing method that creates a barrier between fuel and fire
Separating
Foam extinguishing method that lowers the temperature of the fuel and adjacent surfaces
Cooling
Foam extinguishing method the prevents the release of flammable vapors reducing the possibility of ignition or reignition
Suppressing or smothering
Class a foam is intended to be proportioned from as little as 0.1% to
1%
Method of proportion phone that uses extra pump to force foam concentrate into firescreen a proper ratio. Most commonly used on apparatus or fixed systems
Injection
Production of foam solution by adding an appropriate amount of foam concentrate to a water tank before application
Batch mixing
Mixing premeasured portions of water and foam concentrate in a container typically used with portable extinguishers
Pre-mixing
Capacity of foam pails
5 gallons
Foam barrel capacity
55 gal
Foam tote capacity
275 gallons
Foam concentrate tanks on municipal fire apparatus generally range from how many gallons
20-200 gallons
Foam pump or or tenders may carry how many gallons or more of foam concentrate
8000 or more gallons
The formula class a foam includes what that reduces the service tension of water in the foam solution
Hydrocarbon surfactants
Direct skin contact with class a foam should be avoided because
It has corrosive characteristics
Class a foam percentage for fire attack and overhaul with standard fog nozzles
0.2-0.5%
Class a foam percentage for exposure protection with standard fog nozzles
0.5-1.0%
Class a phone percentage for any application with air aspirating foam nozzles
0.3-0.7%
Class a foam percent for any application with compressed air foam system
0.2-0.5%
Type of foam best used for vertical surfaces
Dry phone, very low water content hi air content
Best kind of foam application for areas that require maximum penetration
Wet phone, very fluid
Best kind of foam application for surface of the fuel
Medium foam
Shelf life of class a foam
About 20 years
Shelf life of protein-based class B Farms
Approximately 10 years
Shelf life for synthetic class B foams
20-25 years
Which type of Claspie phone can be mixed any time with no adverse effects
Those manufactured to mill spec
Class B foams Are mixed in proportions from what percent
1-6%
Class B concentration for hydrocarbon fuels is what percent
1-3%
Concentration for class B foam used on polar solvents is what percent
3-6%
Finish foam ratio for low expansion
20:1
Ratios for medium expansion foam
20:1-200:1
Expansion rate ratio for high expansion foam
200:1-1000:1
Un ignited fuel spills do not require the same application rate of class b foam due to
The lack of radiant heat open flame and thermal draft
Ability of a foam blanket to resist direct flame impingement such as would be evident by partially extinguished petroleum fire
Burn back resistance
Type of class B foam that is a combination of protein base and synthetic
Fluoroprotein from
Foam concentrate that combines the qualities of floroprotein foam with those of aqueous film forming foam
Film forming floroprotein foam
Synthetic concentrate that when applied with water can form a complete vapor barrier over fuel spills highly effective extinguishing in blanketing agent
Aqueous film forming foam
Pressure at the discharge side of the eductor must not exceed what percent of the eductor inlet pressure
70%
When inlet pressure is too low the eductor will create a foam solution that is too
Lean
When inlet pressure is too high the eductor may create a foam solution that is too
too rich
Foam concentrate inlet to the eductor must not be higher than how many feet above the surface of the concentrate
6’
The nozzle and eductor must have the same rating for what in order to operate successfully
Same gpm rating
Foam proportioned built into the nozzle
Self educting nozzle
Master stream with foam proportioned built in
Self educting master stream foam nozzle
Type of foam eductor that is used to supply self educting master streams and may be located at distances up to 3000’ from the nozzle. Allowing ff to maintain fire pump and foam supply
Jet ratio controller
Common type of apparatus mounted proportioner a small bypass return line is attached to the discharge side of the pump goes through a portioner attached to a foam tank and then back to the intake side of the pump
Around the pump proportioner
Foam concentrate proportioner the operates in tandem with a fire water pump to ensure a proper foam concentrate to water mixture
Bypass type balanced pressure proportion
Variable flow variable rate direct injection systems proportion foam concentrate at rates from what percent
0.1-3%
Apparatus mounted phone system that injects the correct amount of foam into the pump piping. There by supplying all discharges with the phone. System automatically monitors operations and maintains a constant quality foam solution
Variable flow variable rate direct injection system
Type of foam injection system that cannot use alcohol resistant foam concentrates due to the viscous nature of the product
Variable flow variable rate direct injection system
Foam proportioning system that is used in both fixed and mobile applications. A variable speed mechanism drives the foam pump and automatically monitors the flow to produce an effective solution
Variable flow demand type balanced pressure proportioner
Simplest method of proportioning foam
Batch mixing, dump in method
Generally batch mixing is only used with what types of foam concentrate
Class a, regular AFFF
Class a solutions do not retain their foaming Properties when mixed in water for more than how many hours
24 hours
The reach of CAFS is what in relation to normal streams
Further because of the air pressure
Foam system that creates small uniform air bubbles that are very durable
CAFS
Otherwise known as high energy foam
CAFS
Hose lines containing CAFS or high energy foam weigh what comparatively to regular hose streams
Less
Generally how many cubic feet per minute of airflow per gpm of foam solution produces dry foam of up to 100 gpm
2 cubic ft per min
Most structural and woodland CAFS operations use what airflow rate to allow adequate drainage of solution from the blanket to wet the fuel
0.5-1.0 cubic ft per min
The use of smooth bore nozzles is limited to the application of class a foam from what type of foam system
CAFS
When using CAFS with smooth ore nozzles, how big should the tip be
No greater than half the diameter of the hose
Expansion ratios for most fog nozzles are low, what range
2:1-4:1
Fog nozzles are most efficient with what type of foam
Class a and AFFF or AR- on hydro carbon fire
Fog nozzles are not effective with what type of foam and fire
Fluoroprotein and not for polar solvent fires
Only nozzle that should be used for protein and Fluoroprotein concentrates
Air aspirating nozzle
Two types of medium and high expansion foam generators
Water aspirating, mechanical blower
Water aspirating devices for medium and high expansion foam are similar to other foam producing nozzles except
They are considerably larger and longer. GhostBuster nozzle
Foam application method for use with class a foam. Applying it on the burning material
Direct application
Class b Foam application method that involved directing the stream on the ground near the edge of the spill and allowing it to tumble over onto it
Roll on method.
When should the rain down method of application be employed
When the role on rain down method or impractical due to elevation of fuel
True false no foam concentrates or solutions or finished foam should be discharged into any body of water
True it can kill fish wildlife and vegetation
Super absorbent liquid polymers capable of absorbing hundreds of times their own weight in water. These can be used as fire suppressant’s and retardants. Function by trapping water in their structure rather than air
Gelling agents
Gelling agents or otherwise known as
Durable agents
Gelling agents are used in the same matter as what class of foam
Class a foam
When used as an extinguishing agent the standard application ratio of gelling agents or durable agents is what
1:1000
When used on the Fireline durable agents are applied at what percents
1.5-2%
For structure protection the application of durable agents is what percent
2-3%
Durable or gelling agents can adhere to a vertical surface for up to how many hours
24 hrs
Polar solvent fuels such as alcohol acetone key tones and esters Are known as what type of liquid because they mix with water
Miscible
