1.4 Data Representation and Data Types Flashcards
What are the two different types of data in a packet?
Control information and Actual data
What does the control information of a packet include?
Source and Destination Address
Order number of packet
Control signals
Error control bits
Where is control information typically found?
The Header and trailer
What is a Network collision?
Is a natural occurrence where two sets of data are detected simultaneously
What happens after a network collision takes place?
The computer discards the collided packets and waits a short random amount of time before resending the packets
Routing
Is the process that determines the path each data packet takes and ensures that packets are delivered to their destination efficiently
What is a single bit represented as?
A 1 or 0
What is a group of 4 bits called?
Nybble
What is a group of 8 bits called?
Byte
What is the order of the groups of bytes?
Byte, KiloByte, MegaByte, GigaByte, TerraByte, PetaByte
Word
Is a group of bits that can be manipulated as a single unit by the CPU
How long are words noramly?
16, 32, 64 or 128 bits
How many characters of data can the 7-bit ASCII character set hold?
128
How many characters of data can the 8-bit ACII character set hold?
256
What is UNICODE?
UNICODE uses up to four bytes to represent each character, this allows it to represent up to 110,000 different characters
What are the six different data types?
Character, String, Unsigned Integer, Signed Integer, Real, Boolean
Short description of Character data type
A single letter, digit, space, punctuation mark or other symbol
Short description of String data type
A group of characters
Short description of Unsigned Integer data type
Whole positive number
Short description of Signed Integer data type
Whole positive or negative number
Short description of Real data type
Fractions or number with decimal points
Short description of Boolean data type
True or False
What are the uses of floating point form?
Allows for a greater range of positive and negative numbers to be stored in the same number of bits
What are the advantages of representing numbers in floating point forms?
There is a greater range of positive and negative numbers can be stored in the same number of bits
What are the disadvantages of representing numbers in floating point form?
Numbers aren’t normally stored in completely accurately
They require more complex processing
There is no exact representation of zero
What are the advantages of representing numbers in integer form?
They are 100% accurate
What are the disadvantages of representing numbers in integer form?
A limited range of numbers that can be represented using the available bits
