1.4- Carboxylic Acids And Esters Flashcards
Structure of carboxylic acid
R-C=OOH
Short vs longer carboxylic acids
Short chain dissolve in water easily because the hydrocarbon chain is short.
More soluble
Hydrocarbons chain solubility carboxylic acid
Insoluble
What can acids do?
-donate proton
-weak acids
Structure of esters and naming.
RC=OOR’
-R’ then R
-alkyl alkanoate
-alcohols + acid
Name this esters.
CH3COOCH2CH2CH3
HCOOCH(CH2Ch3)
CH3COOC6H6
1)Propyl ethanoate
2)ethylmethyl methanoate
3)phenyl ethanoate
Outline 1)mechanism and 2) reaction for forming propyl methanoate and 3)conditions
4)equation
1)esterification 2)condensation 3)H2SO4 conc catalyst + heat
4) propan-1-ol + methanoic acid > H2SO4 > propyl methanoate + water
Hydrolysis definition.
Breaking a bond using h20
ACID catalysed hydrolysis.
State products and acid used for
-propyl ethanoate
1) propyl ethanoate + h20 > H+ > propanol + ethanoic acid
2) ACID FORMS
BASE catalysed hydrolysis.
State intermediate products, final products and base used for
-propyl ethanoate
1) carboxylic + alcohol
2)acid reacts with h20 to form the base ester (SALT)
3) propyl ethanoate + h20 >NaOH > propanol and ethanoic acid
4) ethanoic + h20 > sodium ethanoate
TRIESTER ACID hydrolysis
Conditions ,reagent , products
1) reflux 2) acid conc catalyst
Lipid > fatty acid + glycerol
> carboxylic acid + propane-1,2,3-triol
BASE hydrolysis of tri esters.
Reagents, conditions, products
1) 3NaOH 2)reflux 3) SOAP/NaO-COR’ +
glycerol
Uses of esters and vegetables oils esters
-solvents
-perfumes
-plasticisers
-flavours
2) SOAP
Biodiesel formation
Methyl ester formed from hydrolysis of methanol + triester
Formation of methyl ester through base hydrolysis
Triester + 3CH3OH > NaOH > 3methylesters + glycerol
