14 Alcohols Flashcards
What is the formula for alcohols?
CnH2n+1OH
What is a homologous Series?
Same general formula
Same functional group
Succeeded by a CH2
What is the difference between a primary secondary and tertiary alcohol?
Succeeded by a carbon chain
What type of bonds can alcohols form and why?
Idd forces and Hydrogen bonds
The OH on alcohols can form hydrogen bonds as it is polar
How does a longer carbon chain affect an alcohols bonding?
The longer the chain the more London forces take over instead of hydrogen bonds
What is micibility?
How soluble liquids are
(How easily they can mix)
How come alcohols are micible?
H bond between alcohols can be broken by water and form new H bonds between the water
How does a longer carbon chain affect the micibility of an alcohol and why?
As the chain is hydrophobic, the larger hydrophobic chain overpowers the hydrophilic OH group so the molecule repels water more
What is a dehydration reaction ( or an elimination)?
Adding H2SO4 to turn an alcohol into an alkene+ H20
What is a substitution reaction for alcohols?
Where an OH group can be turned to a Br group by adding HBR to form H20
What is the oxidising agent used for the reaction of alcohols?
K2Cr2O7 (Potassium dichromate)
What are the oxidising conditions for alcohols?
K2Cr2O7
H+
What is a distilled reaction for a primary alcohol?
Oxidising it to form a aldehyde + water
What are the products when doing a reflux reaction by oxidising a primary alcohol?
A carboxylic acid + water
How do you get a ketone from an alcohol?
Oxidise a secondary alcohol
Which alcohol does not oxidise?
Tertiary alcohols
