1.3.Wired And Wireless Networks,Network Topologies Protocols And Layers

Question 1

Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Network

Answer 1

A network where all devices are equal and share files without a central server. Common for online file sharing like Skype.

Question 2

Advantages of P2P

Answer 2

Cheaper to set up than Client Server; Easier to set up and maintain, no expertise needed.

Question 3

Disadvantages of P2P

Answer 3

No central backup; Duplicates files; Less reliable if one machine fails.

Question 4

Client-Server Network

Answer 4

Managed by a central server. Clients request data which is served centrally. Common in most businesses.

Question 5

Advantages of Client-Server

Answer 5

Easy to backup; Easier software installation; Central data access; Better network security.

Question 6

Disadvantages of Client-Server

Answer 6

Expensive to setup; Needs specialist maintenance; Server failure affects all clients.

Question 7

LAN (Local Area Network)

Answer 7

Network in a small area like a school or office. Allows file sharing, software install and user logins across devices.

Question 8

WAN (Wide Area Network)

Answer 8

Network over large geographical area connecting multiple LANs via telecoms (e.g., the internet).

Question 9

Wireless Access Point (WAP)

Answer 9

Creates a wireless network that other devices connect to.

Question 10

Router

Answer 10

Routes data between multiple networks (e.g., LAN to internet).

Question 11

Switch

Answer 11

Connects devices in a LAN using MAC addresses to direct data correctly.

Question 12

NIC (Network Interface Card)

Answer 12

Internal component allowing a device to connect to a network.

Question 13

Twisted Pair Cabling

Answer 13

4 pairs of twisted copper wires for LAN devices (Cat 5e/Cat 6).

Question 14

Coaxial Cable

Answer 14

Single copper core used by phone and internet providers.

Question 15

Fibre Optic Cable

Answer 15

Glass core cable for high speed internet and TV.

Question 16

Bandwidth

Answer 16

Higher bandwidth = faster transfer of more data at once.

Question 17

Connection Type

Answer 17

Wired is faster and more reliable; Wireless is more flexible but less stable.

Question 18

Number of Devices

Answer 18

More devices = lower performance due to bandwidth sharing.

Question 19

Cloud

Answer 19

Stores data/software on internet servers. Accessible anywhere with benefits like no need to pay extra for IT support.

Question 20

Wired vs Wireless

Answer 20

Wired: stable, fast, secure. Wireless: cheaper, mobile, but less secure and slower.

Question 21

Star Topology

Answer 21

All devices connect to a central switch/server. Easy to add devices, fewer collisions.

Question 22

Disadvantages of Star Topology

Answer 22

Needs lots of cabling; Single point of failure if switch/server fails.

Question 23

Mesh Topology

Answer 23

Each device connects to others. No single point of failure, self-healing.

Question 24

Disadvantages of Mesh

Answer 24

Hard to scale, expensive, each device needs many ports.

Question 25

WiFi Frequency Bands

Answer 25

2.4GHz = longer range, slower speed; 5GHz = shorter range, faster speed.

Question 26

Encryption

Answer 26

Secures data on a network by converting it into a code (e.g., WEP, WPA, WPS).

Question 27

Network Layers

Answer 27

4-layer model. Self-contained layers allow separate development: Application, Transport, Network, Link.

Question 28

Network Protocols

Answer 28

Rules for data transfer. Examples: TCP/IP, HTTP/HTTPS, FTP, POP, IMAP, SMTP.

Question 29

Packet Switching

Answer 29

Data split into packets, sent independently via best routes, reassembled at destination.