138 Flashcards
What did Galileo notice about the small dark spots on the moon in 1609?
They changed from dark to light until they eventually disappeared
These dark spots are known as lunar craters, indicating that the moon is not a perfect sphere.
What phenomenon did Galileo observe in Venus that was similar to that of the moon?
Phases of Venus
This observation indicated that Venus, like the moon, has portions that are illuminated and visible from Earth.
What happens to Venus’ visibility when it lies between Earth and the sun?
Its atmosphere is visible
This visibility is due to the casting of shadows, confirming that Venus revolves around the sun.
What celestial bodies did Galileo discover surrounding Jupiter?
Four moons
He collectively named them Cosmica Sidera, later known as Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto.
Who later named the moons of Jupiter discovered by Galileo?
Simon Marius
He named them after lovers of Zeus in Greek mythology.
What significant evidence did Galileo’s discovery of Jupiter’s moons provide?
Evidence for the revolution of celestial objects
It supported the heliocentric model and opposed the Ptolemaic model.
True or False: The supporters of the Ptolemaic model accepted Galileo’s findings about celestial revolutions.
False
They argued that if Earth revolves around the sun, the moon could be left behind by Earth’s motion.
Fill in the blank: Galileo discovered that Venus has ______, just like the moon.
phases
What are the names of the four moons of Jupiter discovered by Galileo?
- Io
- Europa
- Ganymede
- Callisto
What model did Galileo’s discoveries provide evidence for?
Heliocentric model
