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Question 1

Who were the key figures that supported the Copernican model of the universe?

Answer 1

Galileo Galilei, Tycho Brahe, Johannes Kepler

These astronomers made significant astronomical observations and measurements.

Question 2

What model of the universe did Galileo Galilei support?

Answer 2

heliocentric model

This model posits that the sun is at the center of the universe.

Question 3

What significant discoveries did Galileo make using his telescope?

Answer 3

lunar craters, phases of Venus, moons of Jupiter, sunspots, supernovas, identical size of stars

These discoveries provided evidence supporting the heliocentric model.

Question 4

What did Galileo’s observations of lunar craters reveal?

Answer 4

The moon is not a perfect sphere

This contradicted the early Greek belief that the moon’s surface was perfectly smooth.

Question 5

Describe the early Greek belief about the moon’s movement.

Answer 5

The moon was believed to be a perfect sphere moving around Earth in a circular motion

Greeks thought dark spots were due to uneven light absorption and emission.

Question 6

What are Kepler’s laws of motion?

Answer 6

Describes how planets move in elliptical orbits around the sun

Galileo’s findings supported these laws.