1.3.3 Networks - Josh D

Question 1

What is a standalone machine?

Answer 1

A single computer not connected to any other computer

Question 2

How is a network formed?

Answer 2

By connecting one computing device to another via cable or wireless

Question 3

What are 5 important advantages of networks?

Answer 3

1. Users can share files
2. Users can share peripherals and internet connection
3. Users can access files from other computers
4. Servers can control security, updates and backups
5. You can communicate with other people e.g. email

Question 4

What are 3 important disadvantages of networks?

Answer 4

1. Malware and viruses spread easily between computers
2. Central dependency on server
3. Computers may run slower with high network traffic

Question 5

What is a standard and two important examples?

Answer 5

Standards are a set of hardware and software specifications that allow manufacturers to create products and services that are compatible with each other. E.g. character sets (ascii, unicode) and HTML

Question 6

What is a protocol?

Answer 6

Protocols are a key way of ensuring technology-based standards are followed

Question 7

What does the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) do?

Answer 7

TCP provides error free transmission between two routers

Question 8

What does the Internet Protocol (IP) do?

Answer 8

IP routes packets across a WAN

Question 9

What does the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) do?

Answer 9

UDP is an alternative to TCP with no error checking (so it’s unreliable). It is a simple connectionless model used to send short messages where speed is more important than accuracy (e.g. gaming).

Question 10

What protocols are used for communication over LAN/WAN?

Answer 10

TCP, IP, UDP

Question 11

What does the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTPS) do?

Answer 11

HTTP allows client and server to send and receive requests.
Used to deliver HTML web pages. Fundamental protocol for WWW

Question 12

What is the difference between HTTP and HTTPS?

Answer 12

HTTPS is the same as HTTP but involves encryption and authentication. The ‘s’ stands for secure

Question 13

What protocol is used for sending files over a WAN?

Answer 13

File Transmission Protocol (FTP)

Question 14

What is an FTP client?

Answer 14

An app that sits above the FTP protocol and generates the appropriate FTP commands automatically

Question 15

What is the simple mail transfer protocol (SMTP)?

Answer 15

It transfers outgoing emails from clients to servers, and between servers

Question 16

What is the post office protocol (POP)?

Answer 16

POP retrieves emails from a server and transfers it to your device. It is deleted from the server.

Question 17

What is the internet message access protocol (IMAP)?

Answer 17

IMAP keeps emails on the server, maintaining synchronicity between devices. You view a copy of the email.

Question 18

What is the Internet and the World Wide Web?

Answer 18

The Internet is a wide area network of WANs. WWW is a service on the internet. Internet ≠ WWW

Question 19

What is the concept of layers?

Answer 19

To divide the complex tasks of networking into smaller simpler tasks that work in tandem with each other.
Each layer has a defined responsibility and each one provides a service to the layer above